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Birth
Francisco Morazan was born in Tegucigalpa, Honduras during the years of Spanish colonial rule in Central America. Article URL: (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francisco-Morazan) Image: (https://www.britannica.com/place/Tegucigalpa) -
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Francisco Morazan
Francisco Morazan was a Central American politician and commander who fought to keep Central America together. He became president of the United Provinces of Central America (1830–40). In this, he is sort of the Central American version of Simon Bolivar and a heroic defender of Honduras. URL: (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francisco-Morazan) -
Early Education
Honduras did not have enough opportunities for education, and only a few were fortunate. Francisco's father sent him to a private school to learn to write, read and to receive instruction in mathematics and drawing. URL: (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Moraz%C3%A1n) Image: (https://www.sandiego.gov/city-clerk/inforecords/mayoral-artifacts/gallery/francisco-morazan-portrait) -
Higher Education
Francisco was placed under the tutelage of León Vásquez. During this time period, Francisco learned civil law, criminal procedure, and notary. Also, he learned French and became more familiar with the history of famous revolutions such as the French Revolution. Therefore, Francisco was well known as a self-educated man. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Moraz%C3%A1n
Image: (https://www.123rf.com/photo_87564162_francisco-morazan-portrait-from-honduran-money.html) -
Early Military and Political Career
Morazán's military life started when he enlisted as a volunteer to oppose Mexico’s annexation of Central America. Later on, he became the general secretary of the government of his political uncle and first head of state of Honduras, Dionisio Herrera. URL: (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Moraz%C3%A1n)
Image: (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Moraz%C3%A1n) -
Independence of Central America
Central America achieved independence from Spain. However, the provinces started being dominated by the Mexican Empire URL and image: (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Central_America) -
Federal Republic of Central America
Central America was able to achieve its annexation from Mexico. As a result, the provinces became one nation. Morazan believed that the union had a great future because it was an important trade route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Article an image: (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Moraz%C3%A1n) -
System of Government
The Conservatives wanted a government where the same rules were applied to all nations. However, the Liberal Party wanted a government where each state has the freedom to create their own laws but always under the supervision of the federal government. As a result, the Liberal Party prevailed and the system was adopted under the slogan "God, Union, and Liberty". URL: (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Moraz%C3%A1n)
Image: (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQpJwm8wgkY) -
Marriage
Francisco Morazan married Maria Josefa Lastiri in the Comayagua Cathedral, Honduras. Lastiri belonged to a wealthy family and her fortune strengthen Morazan's political and military projects. URL: (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Moraz%C3%A1n)
Image: (https://www.latribuna.hn/2019/08/20/la-historia-de-una-casa/) -
Civil War - El Salvador
There were many conflicts of interest between liberal and conservatives members of the union. Therefore, after his victory at "La Trinidad", Morazan led the Liberal Party’s forces in the civil war. The war started in El Salvador, Morazán defeated Colonel Vicente Domínguez's troops at the El Gualcho ranch. URL: (https://redhonduras.com/personajes/francisco-morazan/)
Image: (https://www.agefotostock.com/age/en/Stock-Images/Rights-Managed/X8N-1597343/1) -
Battle of "La Trinidad"
Manuel Arce was the president of Central America but he pretended to dissolve the federal congress. He deposed the president of Honduras. As a result, the Honduran state rebelled. Colonel Milla was given command of the 2nd battalion of Federal troops. They fought against Morazan's men at the battle of "La Trinidad". The Fighting was furious but Morazán won the victory for Honduras. https://aroundtheworldin80currencies.com/2018/03/07/honduras-francisco-morazan-the-republic-of-central-america/ -
Civil War - Guatemala
After the war in El Salvador, Morazan moved to Guatemala and his army increased in numbers when Guatemalan volunteers joined him. Military operations continued and the government of president Arce surrounded. URL:(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Central_American_Civil_War)
Image: (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Plate_33-_ANTIGUA_GUATIMALA.jpg) -
Presidency- First Term
Morazan was now the liberal leader with the highest profile in Central America. As a result, he became president of the Federal Republic of Central America and enacted liberal reforms, including freedom of the press, speech, and religion. URL: (https://redhonduras.com/personajes/francisco-morazan/)
Image:https://twitter.com/morazanvenaver/photo -
Second Term
Morazan was re-elected president of the federal government. However, Conservatives never supported the idea of a single nation and decided to strike against Morazan. (https://redhonduras.com/personajes/francisco-morazan/)
Image: (https://www.monedasdeguatemala.com/centroamericahisIN.html) -
End of the Federation
A Conservative army under Rafael Carrera revealed against the Liberal government. Morazád was defeated in Guatemala City. URL: (https://redhonduras.com/personajes/francisco-morazan/)
Image: (https://www.monedasdeguatemala.com/centroamericahisIN.html) -
Exile in South America
After Carrera’s forces finally defeated Morazan, he was forced to go into exile in Colombia. While there Francisco wrote a letter to the people of Central America in which he laments that Carrera and the conservatives never tried to really understand that dividing Central America will result in weak nations vulnerable to wars, exploitation, and dictatorship. URL: (https://redhonduras.com/personajes/francisco-morazan/)
Image: (https://www.britannica.com/place/South-America) -
Return
Francisco was lured out of exile and joined Vicente Villasenor, who was leading a revolt against conservative Costa Rican dictator Braulio Carrillo. Together they finished the job of ousting Carrillo: Morazan was named president of the country. (https://redhonduras.com/personajes/francisco-morazan/)
Image: (https://www.pinterest.com/pin/319403798549048391/) -
Death
Francisco never gave up and he intended to use Costa Rica as the center of a new Central American republic. But the Costa Ricans turned on him, and he and Villasenor were executed on Sep 15, 1842. URL: (https://redhonduras.com/personajes/francisco-morazan/)
Image: (https://www.agefotostock.com/age/en/Stock-Images/Rights-Managed/DAE-11060170/1)
