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Capacitors
Pieter van Musschenbroek is responsible for the beginning of capacitor technology since he invented the Leyden jar, which is the primitive form of a capacitor. -
Discovery of electricity
Kite-flying experiments by Benjamin Franklin
Although electricity was a natural force that has always existed, it still needed studies and understanding of the phenomena so that physics could develop to what it is today. To prove lightning was electricity, he flew a kite during a storm and in the end, it gave him a shock. -
Conventional current
Benjamin Franklin
After electrical experiments, Franklin collected positive and negative charges and named conventional current as the positive charges moving towards negative charges. -
Coulomb's Law
Charles-Augustin de Coulomb calculated Fe=(kq1q2)/r²
Coulomb’s law is an experimental law that describes the electrostatic interaction between particles electrically charged. -
Electric cell
Alessandro Volta invented the voltaic pile, considered to be the first electric battery. -
Magnetic field
Hans Christian Oersted discovered that a current flowing through a wire would affect a compass needle placed next to it, discovering that a current produces a magnetic field. -
1st and 2nd Ohm’s Laws
Georg Simon Ohm calculated both laws.
Ohm’s first law states that the potential difference applied between its two points is equal to 1 volt;
Ohm’s second law states that V=IR; means that the potential difference is equal to the product of the current and resistance.
1st law: The potential difference applied between its two points is equal to 1 volt;
2nd law: R=ρL/A -
Inductors
Michael Faraday discovered inductors with the experiment of wrapping two insulated coils of wire around an iron ring. He found that when one wire had a current passing through it, a momentary current developed through the other wire. -
1st and 2nd Kirchhoff's Laws
Gustav Kirchhoff calculated both laws.
Gustav Kirchhoff’s first law states that the sum currents that enter a junction must be equal to the sum of the currents that leave it (illustration below); Gustav Kirchhoff’s second law states that the sum of potential differences across a loop is zero: V1 + V2 + … = 0 -
Electric field concepts
Michael Faraday came up with the electric field concepts. An electric field is made through the movement of electric charges, making them behave electrically or magnetically, with repulsion and attraction interactions. -
Left hand rule
John Ambrose Fleming deduced that, by arranging one’s left hand in a certain manner, it can represent the current, magnetic field and force direction in relation to a wire. -
Right hand rule
John Ambrose Fleming deduced that, by arranging one’s right hand “holding” the wire with the thumb in the direction of the current, one can infer the direction of the magnetic field. -
Concept of real current
JJ Thomson discovered the electron and how they move towards protons, not the other way around, making it the real current. -
Transistors
William Shockley developed transistors for their use in telecommunication.
