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The assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand on 28 June 1914 set off a chain of events that led to war in early August 1914. -
After sending and rejecting the ultimatum, Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, which would be the first of many declarations to give way to the First World War. -
Russia began to mobilize its reserve army near its border with Austria-Hungary. Consequently, on 31st July, German leadership in Berlin demanded Russian demobilization. As there was no response, Germany declared war on Russia onthe same day. -
Britain declared war on Germany in support of Belgium and France, and on Turkey because of her alliance with Germany. -
To avoid the French fortifications along the French-German border, the troops had to cross Belgium and attack the French Army by the north. -
The immediate reason for Austria's ultimatum was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie in Sarajevo, Bosnia on June 28, 1914 by the Bosnian Serb nationalist, Gavrilo Princip. -
The French army could not face the German advance, which intended to meet the objectives set in the Schlieffen Plan. -
After the Boer War, the British war minister, Richard Haldane, created the British Expeditionary Army (BEF), in case it was necessary to take part in a foreign war. By August 1914, there were about 120,000 soldiers in the BEF. -
The British Expeditionary Force arrived in France on 14th August, 1914. On the way to meet the French Army at Charleroi, the 70,000 strong BEF met the advancing German Army at Mons. -
The result was an Allied victory over the German army.The battle was the high point of the German advance into France and the pursuit of the Allied armies after the border battles in August that lasted until outskirts of Paris. -
After the failure to take Lorraine, General Noel De Castlenau and the French 2nd Army was sent to the Somme region of the Western Front. On 25th September, 1914, Castlenau ordered a frontal attack on German positions. The French attacks were initially successful but eventually they were driven back beyond the town of Albert. -
French Tenth army attempted to outflank German forces on the Western Front by advancing along a line between Arras and Lens. -
Ypres, a medieval town in Belgium, was taken by the German Army at the beginning of the war. However, by early October, 1914, the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was able to recapture the town. -
Over 30,000 Canadian soldiers reached Britain for training at Salisbury Plain in October. -
The Christmas Truce was a series of unofficial ceasefires that stretched across the Western Front in World War I around Christmas 1914. -
The Italian declaration opened up a new front in World War I, stretching 600 kilometers along Italy's border with Austria-Hungary. -
It was the biggest naval combat of World War I, the only major direct confrontation between two fleets in the entire war. The tactical victory went to the German side. Not only did they lose fewer ships while doing considerable damage to the Royal Navy, but the strategic victory was undoubtedly British. At the end of the battle and despite the losses they were still in combat condition, while the German fleet decided to withdraw. -
He was drowned in HMS Hampshire. Kitchener was on his way to a secret meeting with the Russians at Petrograd. This loss was seen as a serious setback to the British war effort. -
Britain's King George V orders the British royal family to dispense with the use of German titles and surnames, changing the surname of his own family, to Windsor. -
Talks to pacify the Eastern Front of World War I began in December 1917. Russia sent the then People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs, Leon Trotsky, and the diplomat and revolutionary Adolph Joffe. -
The number of troops in the German army had been severely depleted after four years of war, and its economy and society were under great internal stress. After strings of military defeats, German troops began to surrender in large numbers. When the Allied forces broke through the German lines at great cost. -
The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty that was signed in that city at the end of the First World War by more than fifty countries. This treaty ended what would be "the last war", it tried to limit further military adventures by Germany. -
The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye definitively established the dismemberment of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and in its place the Republic of Austria was recognized as a "successor state", which was limited to some area in which it was spoken only German. -
In accordance with the stipulations of the treaty, Bulgaria recognized the new kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia), promised to pay four hundred and fifty million dollars in compensation and reduced its Army to twenty thousand soldiers. In addition, it lost four enclaves of western land in favor of Yugoslavia and ceded western Thrace to the Kingdom of Greece, leaving it without access to the Aegean Sea. -
The Trianon peace treaty was signed after the end of World War I, on June 4, 1920, between the Allies and the Kingdom of Hungary. It was signed in the Grand Palace of Trianon, in Versailles, France. The agreement established the new situation of Europe, with the States that were to replace the old kingdom of Hungary, after the disappearance of
the Austro-Hungarian Empire.