First Civilizations 4000 B.C.E to 0 C.E

3500 B.C.E to 3000 B.C.E Sumerian Civilization

3500 BCE

Sumerian civilization was among the earliest civilizations and was known as the "cradle" of Middle Eastern civilization. It was located in southern Mesopotamia which is between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. This civilization likely initiated the world's earliest written languages. Sumer was later aborbsed into large empires of Akkad, Babylon, and Assyria.

>3000 B.C.E Egyptian Civilization

3000 BCE

Egyptian civilization was one of the early African civilizations. And was known for its pharaohs and pyramids. The other civilization near this one was known as Nubia.

3000 B.C.E to 1800 B.C.E Peruvian civilization

3000 BCE

Norte Chico and Caral were the third early civilizations evolving near the coast of Peru, specifically known as the Peruvian civilization. This region has very little rainfall but had many rivers. This civilization was smaller than Sumer and the cities were also smaller in size. Less economic adaptation and more of an industry based on fishing. These products were exchanged for other daily usage items. This civilization gave rise to many Andean civilizations(Moche, Wari, Tiwanaku, and Inca).

2200 B.C.E Chinese civilization

2200 BCE

The Chinese civilization constructed flood projects. Their state grew because of large tombs in which they buried thousands as company. The emergence of political ideologies also had an impact on the state's growth. They also had a writing system and wrote on oracle bones.

2000 B.C.E Indus Valley Civilization

2000 BCE

In the Indus and Sarwasti river valleys of present-day Pakistan, the Indus Valley civilization arose. This civilization grew in its standardized weights, measures, architectural styles, and size of bricks. Irrigation was the economic foundation for civilization. This later on led to environmental degradation. They also had a written language.

1700 B.C.E Central Asian/Oxus civilization

1700 BCE

The Central Asian/Oxus civilization had a separate cultural style. This was expressed in architecture, ceramics, burial techniques, seals, etc. They had an irrigation agricultural-based economy and stock raising. Social hierarchy was recognized from depictions of gods and men. This civilization was the focal point of a "Eurasian-wide system of intellectual and commercial exchange".

1200 B.C.E to 900 B.C.E Olmec civilization

900 BCE

The Olmec civilization was the final first civilization which emerged along the coast of Mexico and is also known as the mother civilization. The economy was based on agriculture and arose from competing chiefdoms and became ceremonial centers with temples, altars, pyramids, and tombs of rulers. This civilization had a unique and artistic style. It generated cultural patterns, buildings, urban planning, a game played with a rubber ball, ritual sacrifice, etc.