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The First Fleet
The First Fleet were a group of 11 ships that departed Portsmouth, England 13th of May 1787 to set up a colony in the first parts of what we today know as New South Whales. The 11 ships took 8 months to travel from Portsmouth, England to Sydney Cove Australia. The ships were led by Captain Arthur Philip. -
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Captain Arther Philip
Governor Arthur Philip was the first governor of Australia he came on the first fleet and was governor for 4 years.
Facts:
Appointed overseers to get things moving
He wanted peace with the Aboriginal People
Made laws stricter
Granted pension of 300 pounds
Achievements:
Sailed on the first fleet
Spoke 4 languages
Led the first fleet -
Laws on Slavery
Arthur Philip wrote that the laws from England would be used in the new colony but that as soon as the military had control over Sydney Cove there was to be no slavery and therefore no slaves. -
Colony On Norfolk Island
Upon arrival at Sydney Cove, Captain Arthur Philip sent Philip Gidley King, 8 men and a few convicts to start a small colony on Norfolk Island, as they were concerned the french might get there first. -
Whaling Industry
The whaling and sealing industry was extremely important when the First Fleet arrived in Australia. Governor Arther Philip established the whaling industry in Australia bringing in much needed resources and in turn money. -
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Captain John Hunter
Captain John Hunter was the second governor of Australia and remained governor for 5 years
Facts:
Promoted to post captain on HMS Sirius
Left Australia after Governorship was over
Achievments:
Opening up the country near Sydney
Encouraged exploration of Mathew Flinders and George Bass -
Country Near Sydney
During John Hunters term he sent people to open/expand the country near Sydney. This was important because in order to increase the population of Sydney and therefore expand it they would need more space. -
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Captain Philip Gidley King
Captain Philip Gidley King was the 3rd governor of Australia and remained governor for 6 years.
Facts:
His wife was a convict
He went back to England after his term
His tombstone reads-
Here lyeth the body of
PHILIP GIDLEY KING
Captain R.N. and late
Territory New South Whales
Died September 3rd aged 49 years 1808
Suffered from Gout
Achievements:
regulated prices,wages,work hours and financial deals
employed convicts
government flocks and herds increased -
Schools For Boys
During Philip Gidley King's period he established schools for convict boys. This would have been a step forward because although they were convicts, they deserved the right to an education and Philip Gidley King made that possible. This would have benefitted everyone else as when they became free settlers they would know how to run a business and have the right skill set to work. -
Convict Employment
Philip Gidley King employed many convicts during his term.This would have been a great achievement as having more people working would make agriculture building and designing more efficient. -
Coal Mining
In 1805 Philip Gidley King opened the first coal mine and got mining underway. This would have been a great resource to have as coal was and still is very useful. -
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Captain William Bligh
Captain William Bligh was fourth governor of Australia and stayed governor for only 2 years.
Facts
Paid 2x Philip Gidley King
He caused the Rum Rebelion
400 soldiers sent to arrest him -
The Rum Rebellion
William Bligh's daughter's husband's (John Putland) administrative style provoked wrath from influential settlers. Enraged settlers and officials overthrew William Bligh sending 400 soldiers to arrested him. -
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Captain Lachlan Maquarie
Captain Lachlan Maquarie was known as the father of Australia because he was the first Australian governor to bring some sense of democracy to Australia and he was governor for 11 years.
Facts
Left for the colony 22nd of May 1809- HMS Dromedery
He was promoted 3 times while governor
Achievments:
created first official currency
built 3 courts
employed someone to design current city center of Hobart -
Restoration
Following the rum rebellion Lachlan Maquarie had the hard job of restoring peace to Sydney Cove. Lachlan Maquarie revoked many pardons, leases and land grants the Rebel government had given although many were returned later on. -
Hobart
In 1811 Lachlan Maquarie sent James Meehan to design the city centre of Hobart and it is still the same today!! -
Drought
For 2 years a drought took place and lots of livestock was lost and few crops were produced. -
Currency
Lachlan Maquarie Made the first official currency using 40,000 Irish coins and cutting the centres out. the centres known as the dump was worth 15 pence the rim known as the holey dollar was worth 5 shillings they called the currency the Sydney Gazette.Forgery was punishable with 7 years in the Newcastle coal mines. -
Population increase
After Lachlan Maquarie finished his termthe reported population of Sydney was 36,969 meaning the population had hugely increased.
