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Aug 3, 1492
Columbus Lands in the Americas
- Columbus was born in Genoa, Italy and was intrigued by sailing and long expeditions from a young age. He became obsessed with the idea of finding trade routes to India, China, and Asia.
- He met with King John II (king of Portugal at the time) and tried to persuade him to fund his expedition.
- On October 12th, him and his crew saw land for the first time in weeks.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/columbus-lands-in-south-america -
1501
THIS LED TO THIS #1- The Bringing of African Slaves to the New World
- Juan de Cordoba of Sevilla was the first to send African slaves to Santo Domingo (Now Capital of Dominican Republic). The impact of this led to the first Virginia Slave Law.
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Founding of Jamestown
- Jamestown is considered the first permanent english colony in the U.S.
- Jamestown was founded 13 years after the pilgrims landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
- A ship carrying 105 passengers was brought to the new world and landed in Virginia to start and become a new permanent english colony
https://www.historyisfun.org/jamestown-settlement/history-jamestown/ -
Pilgrims Land at Plymouth Rock
- The first landing of Pilgrims was in 1620
- William Bradford was one of the Pilgrims to set foot in the new world
- Bradford was then the Governor of Plymouth and other governing areas for about 30 years after setting foot
http://americanhistory.si.edu/press/fact-sheets/plymouth-rock -
THIS LED TO THIS #2- Virginia Slave Law
- After this law was put in place African slaves that are women are now considered taxable.
- Black slaves now face the life of full servitude after the Virginia slave law was enacted.
- The general assembly of Virginia agrees that any child that is born from a mother who is a slave is now considered a slave. This is important because it leads to the first slave rebellion in Virginia due to the hatred of these laws being put in place.
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THIS LED TO THIS #3- First Slave Rebellion in Virginia
- The first slave rebellion was recorded in Gloucester County which is in Virginia.
- This plan was created by indentured servants to rebel against their owners and authorities in this county. This is important because it led to Maryland Banning the Marriage between Whites and Blacks due to retaliation from the whites in the county.
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THIS LED TO THIS #4- Maryland Passes Law Banning Marriage Between Whites and Blacks
- Maryland passes a law in 1664 banning the marriage between whites and blacks.
- This law states that any white women who marries a black man shall be placed in jail immediately. This is important because it leads to South Carolina passing first comprehensive slave codes after realizing other states are taking action.
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THIS LED TO THIS #5- Virginia Passes Slave Codes
- Virginia passes slave codes regulating activities and communication between slaves and normal citizens.
- These codes served as the foundation of Virginia's slave legislation for the future. This is important because it leads to New York enactment of the Fugitive Slave Act.
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THIS LED TO THIS #6- New York Enacts Fugitive Slave Laws
- The fugitive slave acts were acts put in place so if a slave escapes a owner and leaves the state, the slave has to be returned to that state he was originally owned in. This is important because it leads to the first separate black church in America which was founded in South Carolina. The creation of this church came from the realization of African- Americans that whites had to much power.
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French and Indian War
- The French and Indian war was fought between France and Britain.
- When France expanded over the Ohio river into Britain territory it sparked hatred for France.
- In 1763, Britain officially declared war against the French Side.
- This war lasted 7 years, Hence the name "Seven years war".
http://www.history.com/topics/french-and-indian-war -
THIS LED TO THIS #7- Founding of the First Separate African- American Church
- The founding of the first African- American church was in South Carolina
- It was founded by Rev. Wait Palmer and immediately became a popular spot for the African culture This is important because it led to the first abolishment of slavery in Vermont
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Battle of Lexington and Concord
- The battle of Lexington and Concord were the first military engagements of the Revolutionary War.
- Tensions were rising between the thirteen American colonies and the British sides before this broke out.
- On April 18th 1775, many British soldiers marched from Boston to Concord in order to take over an arms cache from the thirteen colonies.
http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/battles-of-lexington-and-concord -
Declaration of Independence
- The Declaration of Independence was made after armed conflict occurred between British and American soldiers.
- This document is the formal statement of all the colonies intentions
- The Declaration of Independence celebrates the birth of American independence.
http://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/declaration-of-independence -
THIS LED TO THIS #8- Vermont Abolishment of Slavery
- Vermont was the first of the British colonies to abolish slavery.
- Vermont's act was part of the states constitution that was adopted in 1777. This is important because it led to the better treatment of slaves all over the east coast including Virginia, Delaware and Pennsylvania.
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THIS LED TO THIS #9- Pennsylvania Starts Gradual Emancipation
- The gradual emancipation was one of the first attempts to eliminate slavery as a whole.
- Unfortunately, the slaves that were enslaved before the law in 1780 were to remain slaves forever. This is important because it led to the abolishment of slavery as a whole in America and the ratification of the 13th amendment.
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Constitutional Convention
- The Constitutional Convention drew up the Constitution of the United States
- The convention met in the Pennsylvania State House.
- Rhode Island was the only state that didn't respond to the invitation.
- This convention was intended to draw up new types of government.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Constitutional-Convention -
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Jefferson Presidency
- Jefferson was the third President of the United States. He was also the first to be inaugurated in Washington D.C. Jefferson was one of the author's of the Declaration of Independence. Finally, Jefferson served in the Continental Congress.
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/thomas-jefferson -
Louisiana Purchase
- The Louisiana purchase gave the U.S about 828,000,000 square miles of land from France.
- This purchase doubled the amount of land that we had at the time.
- The land that was purchases was from the Mississippi river to the Rocky Mountains, and from the Gulf of Mexico in the west to the Canada border.
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Missouri Compromise
- The Missouri Compromise admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.
- After reaching the boiling point, the government made a deal to admit Missouri as a slave state.
- The Missouri Compromise was used to simmer down the tension between the north and the south.
http://www.history.com/topics/missouri-compromise -
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Jackson Presidency
-After growing up in a poverty ridden family, President Jackson became a wealthy Tennessee lawyer before becoming President in 1829.
- Jackson became the leader in the new democratic party. He also supported expansion of slavery into the western states.
- He was hated upon after making the decision to relocate many Native American tribes who were at the time living east of the Mississippi river. Link:
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew-jackson -
Indian Removal Act "Trail of Tears"
- Andrew Jackson was a long time supporter of removing Native Americans from their native lands.
- Almost 125,000 Native Americans lived on millions of acres of land in Georgia, Tennessee, Florida, etc.
- The reason why these natives were moved off their land is because white settlers wanted to grow cotton on their land.
- http://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/trail-of-tears -
Dred Scott vs. Sanford
- This case decided the US labor law and constitutional law.
- After this case states were allowed slave owners to bring their slaves into the western territories.
- This case negated the doctrine of popular sovereignty.
- New owners of land in the western territories made their own decisions when it came to owning slaves in the western half of the U.S.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/dred-scott-decision -
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Lincoln Presidency
- Abraham Lincoln is a self-taught lawyer.
- Lincoln was a vocal-opponent of slavery
- He was also part of the creation of the Emancipation Proclamation which led the way to the abolishment of slavery.
- He was later then assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's theater (Which you can read later on in the timeline).
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln -
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Attack on Fort Sumter
- The attack on Fort Sumpter was the breaking point of the Civil War. - After President Lincoln said that he was gonna resupply the fort, Confederate General P.G.T Beauregard attacked the Fort on April 12, 1861.
- Confederate troops occupied the fort after General Anderson surrendered the base to confederate troops.The Confederate army then held down the Fort for many years until after the war was over.
http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/fort-sumter -
Creation of the Emancipation Proclamation
- President Abraham Lincoln created the Emancipation Proclamation to free slaves from harsh ownership.
- The Emancipation would go into effect if slaves were not freed earlier that year.
- Lincoln says slavery was "A unqualified evil to the negro, the white man, and the state" .
http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/emancipation-proclamation -
THIS LED TO THIS #10- 13th Amendment Ratified
- The abolishment of slavery was one of the biggest accomplishments of the U.S government in the history of America
- This amendment abolished slavery in every state/colony in America This is the end of Slavery and a accomplishment no one will ever forget
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Surrender at Appomattox
- General E. Lee surrenders the Fort of Appomattox to the union after a long hard battle.
- A couple days before General E. Lee he had left the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.
- After Appomattox, confederate troops and forts were falling daily to the union army.
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Lincoln Assassination
- Lincoln was assassinated by a man named John Wilkes Booth at approximately 10 p.m in Ford's theatre
- Booth and many of his associates plotted to kidnap the President and take him to Richmond, the confederate capital.
- The reason why Booth killed President Lincoln was in order to "save the confederacy".
http://www.history.com/topics/abraham-lincoln-assassination -
13th Amendment Ratified
-The 13th Amendment was the abolishment of slavery
- This amendment passed the Senate on April 8, 1864 and passed the House in January 31, 1865
- The ratification of this amendment came eight months after the war had ended.
- Southerners were not happy when this amendment was passed due to the fact that slaves basically made up their whole workforce for these plantations that they owned. Link:
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/13th-amendment-ratified -
CHOICE EVENT #2- The Civil Rights Act of 1866
- This act says that anyone born in the U.S is considered a American citizen without regard to race, religion, or previous condition. It also says that all people should be treated equally by law and government.
- The legislation was enacted by congress, but it was actually vetoed by President Andrew Johnson.
- Unfortunately, Native Americans were not included in this act.
- The legislation said, "one of the most important bills ever presented to this house for this action".
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Chinese Exclusion Act
- It was a absolute 10- year ban on any Chinese labor groups/ immigrants coming to America.
- This act was signed by President Chester A. Arthur.
- This act also meant that if a immigrant was to leave the country the only way for re-entry was certification from the government.
- The exclusion act vanished after 10 years of being in place, but was put back in place for 10 more years on the Geary Act.
https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=47 -
Sherman Anti-trust Act
- This act was put in place to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies.
- The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was based on constitutional power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce
- President Benjamin passed this law July 2, 1890.
https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=51 -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
- The court case upheld constitutionality of racial segregation on laws for public facilities.
- It was created from a 1892 incident in which African- American train passenger named Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow train car.
- After being charged Plessy argued that his constitutional right was violated.
- The rule was not reversed until the court case of Brown vs. Board of education of Topeka in 1954.
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/plessy-v-ferguson -
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Spanish- American War
- The Spanish- American war was between America and Spain which ended Spain's colonial rule of the Americas.
- After the war ended, America acquired land in Latin America and the western pacific.
- The war started off in the Cuban struggle for independence from Spain.
- America got involved when the USS Maine was hit and exploded in the Havana Harbor.
http://www.history.com/topics/spanish-american-war - The Spanish- American war was between America and Spain which ended Spain's colonial rule of the Americas.
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T. Rosevelt Presidency
- Before Teddy was elected he was a young and rising Republican.
- Teddy became President after the shocking assassination of the William McKinley.
- He fought for many things, but the big two were labor rights and the safe keeping of the environment.
- President Rosevelt's main goal was to break up industrial combinations under the Sherman Trust Act.
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/theodore-roosevelt -
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Building of the Panama Canal
- The Panama Canal was built to ship goods from the atlantic to the pacific quickly and effectively.
- The French tried to build the canal early in the 1800s but quickly failed after diseased ridden mosquitos ended the push to find a way.
- The idea of building a link from the pacific to the atlantic dates all the way back to the 1500s after King Charles I tapped into his regional government to find a route along the chagres river.
http://www.history.com/topics/panama-canal -
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Wilson's Presidency
- Wilson created "Wilson's 14 Points" which were essentially peace negotiations to end WWI.
- President Wilson wanted to keep America out of WWI for as long as possible until he finally declared war on Germany in 1917.
- After entering office in 1913, he started to change America immediately. Starting off with the reforms of both the Federal Reserve and the Federal Trade Commission.
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/woodrow-wilson -
Beginning of WWI
- WWI started off with the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
- The central powers consisted of: Germany, Austria- Hungry, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire.
- The allied powers consisted of: Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan, and the United States.
- After the bullets stopped flying and the bodied stop piling , the allied powers took the win in WWI.
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history -
The End of WWI
- At 5 a.m the German forces signed a armistice agreement with the Allied powers in a train car right outside the town of Compiegne, France.
- Even though the war is over the fatalities of many family members and friends still haunt us to this day. The death count over 9,000,000 and the wounded counts to over 21,000,000.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/world-war-i-ends -
Ratification of the 18th Amendment
- The 18th Amendment says that alcohol shall not be sold, transported or imported, but at the same time people can enjoy the consumption of alcohol in their own households.
- People were not aloud to go into saloons or bars and drink with their friends. This was a federal crime and one can be arrested and charged for this act against the constitution.
- This amendment was hard to enforce because most of the police and law enforcement were payed off by local gangsters.
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Ratification of the 19th Amendment
- The ratification of the 19th Amendment finally happened on June 4, 1919 after many attempts.
- This ratification gave the women the right to vote in a public election.
- In 1848 women suffrage movements started to take place in the major cities and launched onto a national level leaded by Elizabeth Stanton and Lucretia Mott.
- After these movements, The right for women to vote became the vocal stand point.
http://www.history.com/topics/womens-history/19th-amendment -
Treaty of Versailles
- The Treaty of Versailles ended the war between Germany and the allied powers in the year of 1919.
- The Treaty was written mostly by the Allied Powers with little help from Germany.
- The treaty states that almost all reparations from the war had to be covered by Germany.
- The final treaty had 15 parts and 440 articles that covered almost all the things Germany had to do in reparations from the war.
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/treaty-of-versailles -
Harlem Renaissance
- The Harlem Renaissance was a time in which a boom in music, liquor and crime occurred.
- This time period took place in Harlem, New York in which black culture exploded leading to social and artistic revolutions.
- After the overdevelopment of condos and apartments in Harlem, these housing areas were cheap and easy to access for these migrating African- Americans who were on their way up from the south due to the great segregation.
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Gitlow vs. New York
- Gitlow who was a socialist, was arrested for handing out pamphlets which had "Left-wing manifesto" all over them.
- Gitlow and his partner Alan Larkin were both arrested for criminal anarchy.
- Gitlow and Larkin were both arguing that their first amendment right had been denied.
- The decision was made that Gitlow was guilty, but the state of New York had denied him is first amendment rights.
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Stock Market Crash
- Billions of Dollars were lost due to this crash, which is considered one of the worst economic tragedies of all time.
- After the stock market crash, the U.S spiraled downward into what we know as the great depression.
- Right before the crash, the stock market had reached its peak bringing in billions of dollars into big time investors.
- The economy would finally equal out after many years the economy started to re-build itself.
http://www.history.com/topics/1929-stock-market-crash -
CHOICE EVENT #5- Indian Recognition Act
- The indian recognition act increased the responsibility for Native- Americans with self- government and responsibility.
- About 160 tribes adopted written constitutions under the acts provisions.
- Through the revolting credit fund, many indians increased their economic status.
- This act is the basis of federal legislation concerning federal affairs.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Indian-Reorganization-Act -
CHOICE EVENT #6- Texas War for Independence Begins
- Texas wanted independence from Mexico so they decided to declare war against the country of Mexico.
- The result of this war is that Texas is now free from Mexican rule.
- After winning independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico wanted to extend their land into its bordering state, which at the time is Texas. So this is why the war started in the first place.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Texas-Revolution -
CHOICE EVENT #3- Attack on Pearl Harbor
- Pearl Harbor was the setting for a devastating surprise attack by the Japanese on the American naval base.
- At around 8:00 a.m on a Sunday morning hundreds of Japanese planes started to rain bombs on the base.
- More than 2,400 Americans lost their lives that day and around 1,000 more were wounded.
- The day after the attack President Franklin D. Roosevelt declared war on Japan.
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/pearl-harbor -
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CHOICE EVENT #4- The Cold War
- Even though the Soviet Union and America had fought together in WWII, America was still worried about Joseph Stalin, the communist leader of the Soviet Union's blood thirsty tactics.
- The Cold War was basically a nuclear stand off between the Soviet Union and the U.S..
- This war measured most of the second half of the 20th century.
- During this war there were higher tensions between nations, brink of total devastation, and finally hatred between these two countries.
History.com -
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CHOICE EVENT #1- Vietnam War
- The Vietnam War included the communist government of North Vietnam vs. South Vietnam and of course the U.S.
- The Vietnam war killed more then 50,000 American troops and took over 3,000,000 lives in total.
- President Nixon evacuated all troops from Vietnam in 1973, but most Americans were still upset by us intervening in the war.
- In the end the communist North Vietnam lost
