Middle Ages un Europe

Middle Ages

476

People use the phrase “Middle Ages” to describe Europe between the fall of Rome in 476 CE and the beginning of the Renaissance in the 14th century. Many scholars call the era the “medieval period” instead

The Catholic Church in the Middle Ages

590

After the fall of Rome, no single state or government united the people who lived on the European continent. Instead, the Catholic Church became the most powerful institution of the medieval period.

beginning of feudalism

900

The feudal system was introduced to England following the invasion and conquest of the country by William I, The Conqueror. The feudal system had been used in France by the Normans from the time they first settled there in about 900AD. It was a simple, but effective system, where all land was owned by the King.

Distinction of social classes in feudalism

900

Feudalism is characterized by injustice against the townspeople, the king owned everything, had absolute power and was unfair, then came the nobles and the church who helped him
And who was in charge of protecting the people, then were the peasant class Who had to work too much for unfair pay

The end of feudalism

1000

Most of the military aspects of feudalism effectively ended by about 1500. This was partly since the military shifted from armies consisting of the nobility to professional fighters thus reducing the nobility's claim on power, but also because the Black Death reduced the nobility's hold over the lower classes.

The crusades

1095

The Crusades began in 1095, when Pope Urban summoned a Christian army to fight its way to Jerusalem, and continued on and off until the end of the 15th century. In 1099, Christian armies captured Jerusalem from Muslim control, and groups of pilgrims from across Western Europe started visiting the Holy Land. Many of them, however, were robbed and killed as they crossed through Muslim-controlled territories during their journey.

The beginning of the crusades

1096

The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions — varying in size, strength and degree of success — occurred between 1096 and 1291. The costly, violent and often ruthless conflicts enhanced the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.

The First Crusade

1096

Four armies of Crusaders were formed from troops of different Western European regions. But less organized band of knights and commoners known as the “People’s Crusade” set off before the others under the command of a popular preacher.In the first major clash between the Crusaders and Muslims, Turkish forces crushed the invading Europeans at Cibotus.
In May 1097, the Crusaders and their Byzantine allies attacked Nicea.

The second crusade

1147

Having achieved their goal in an unexpectedly
period of time after the First Crusade, many of the Crusaders departed for home. To govern the conquered territory,or Crusader states, inJerusalem, Edessa, Antioch and Tripoli. In 1144, the Seljuk general Zangi,captured Edessa, leading to the loss of the northernmost Crusader state.News of Edessa’s fall stunned Europe and caused Christian authorities in the West to call for another Crusade. the Second Crusade began in 1147. but it didn't work

The crusades

1187

This was repeated a lot of times, they always lose The crusades (The Third Crusade (1187-1192) (The Fourth Crusade (1202-1204) and the Final Crusades were on (1208-1271)

The end of crusades

1271

No one “won” the Crusades; in fact, many thousands of people from both sides lost their lives. They did make ordinary Catholics across Christendom feel like they had a common purpose, and they inspired waves of religious enthusiasm among people who might otherwise have felt alienated from the official Church

The black Death

1347

Black Death, pandemic that ravaged Europe between 1347 and 1351,

How the black Death started

1347

In October 1347, a ship came from the Crimea and Asia and docked in Messina, Sicily. Aboard the ship were not only sailors but rats. The rats brought with them the Black Death, the bubonic plague
Rats traveled on ships and brought fleas and plague with them. Because most people who got the plague died, and many often had blackened tissue due to gangrene, bubonic plague was called the Black Death.

Life during the black Death

1348

Life during the Black Death was extremely unpleasant. If you didn't die from the horrible symptoms of the disease, then starving to death was a likely possibility. As whole villages were wiped out by the Black Death, leaving no one to work the land. some people create their own "cures" As a consequence of his desperation to be cured but of course most of them didn't work

The end of the black Death

1350

The most popular theory of how the plague ended is through the implementation of quarantines. The uninfected would typically remain in their homes and only leave when it was necessary, while those who could afford to do so would leave the more densely populated areas and live in greater isolation. Even thougth the black Death were in all Europe.