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McCulloch v. Maryland
Maryland's government intended to take control of its own banks. They did not want competition from national banks. They imposed a tax on the Second Bank's Baltimore branch in attempts to put them out of business. James W. McCulloch refused to pay the Maryland tax. He was taken to court where he lost and the national government appealed the case to the Supreme court. -
Gibbons v. Ogden
The Constitution included Article 1, section8, the commerce clause. Thomas Gibbons was sued by Aaron Ogden, who operated steam-powered ferryboats between New York and New Jersey. It prohibited Gibbons from operating in New York waters. -
The Civil War Amendments
These amendments decided whether slavery was allowed or not; after the Civil War Confederacy were barred from voting. The three Civil War Amendments were passed, and the Thirteenth Amendment was ratified in 1865, completely abolishing lsavery. -
The "New Deal"
President Herbert Hoover (served 1929-1933) implemented dual federalism and claimed unemployment and poverty were local issues. The states had the responsibility of providing relief to those who were impoverished. Roosevelt's "New Deal" went against it and pasted the Recovery Act of 1933 which brought upon the NRA.
