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Expansion and Reform
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Louisiana Purchase
The the Louisiana Purchase happened in1803, Robert R. Livingston, James Monroe, and Barbé Marbois signed off on purchasing approximately 828,000,000 square miles of territory from France who was at the time ran by Napoleon I, thereby doubling the size of the young republic. This is what led to the exploration of Lewis & Clark who were sent my Thomas Jefferson to explore the new land. [Link Text]http://www.history.com/topics/louisiana-purchase -
Lewis & Clark Expiidition
The Lewis and Clark Expedition went as far as 8,000 miles and took three years to accomplish.The expedition part way know as, the Corps of Discovery, which was a very specific unit of the United States Army which was led by Lewis & Clark. The expedition was funded by Thomas Jefferson. The group travelled down the Ohio River, up the Missouri River, across the Continental Divide, and to the Pacific Ocean.
[Link Text] https://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=7234 -
U.S Settlers in Texas
In the 1820’s, the Mexican government allowed speculators, called empresarios, to get large amounts of land if they promised to bring in settlers and make the land profitable. Stephen Austin, also know as "the founder of Texas", settled hundreds of families on his late father's land . -
Victory over the British
Victory over the British confirmed the independence of the new American republic, bringing a sense of national self-confidence and pride. Napoleon Bonaparte attempts to cut off supplies from France from reaching the enemy, to block the United States from trading with the other (Great Britain). Later, after Napoleon Bonaparte hinted he would stop restrictions, President James Madison blocked all trade with Britain that November. -
Transcontinental Treaty (Adams-Onis treaty)
In the Adams-Onis treaty, which went into effect in 1821. Spain gave Florida to the United States. The treaty also created the border between Spanish territory and the United States. It also, renounced any US claim to Texas. -
Missouri Compromise
The Missouri Compromise was an effort by Congress to stop the tension triggered by the request of Missouri late in 1819 for approval to be a state in which slavery would be allowed. Henry Clay, was the person who led the forces of compromise, engineering separate votes on the controversial measures. At the time, the United States contained twenty-two states, evenly divided between slave and free. President James Monroe was the person who signed of the Missouri Compromise bills. -
Monroe Doctrine
The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in The Americas in 1823. President James Monroe first spoke on the doctrine during his 7th annual State of the Union Address to Congress.
[Link Text]https://www.loc.gov/item/rbpe.0850170d/ -
Indian Removal Act
The Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830. This authorized the president to grant unsettled lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders. A few tribes went peacefully, but many fought against the relocation policy. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Nat Turner's Rebellion was a slave rebellion that took place in Southampton County, Virginia, during August 1831. This rebellion was led by Nat Turner, rebel slaves killed from 55 to 65 people, this was largest and deadliest slave uprising in U.S. history.
[Link Text] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHtWd52FYMs -
American Anti-Slavery Society
Main group of Abolition Movement which was the movement to end slavery in Western Europe & the Americas. Abolitionism focused on African & Indian slave trade and setting slaves free. William Lloyd Garrison, was a founder of the Society, and highly believed in "immediate emancipation" of slaves in the U.S. Arthur Tappan served as president of the organization from its founding until 1840.
[Link Text] https://www.loc.gov/resource/mfd.21029/?q=american+anti+slavery+society&st=gallery -
Panic of 1837
The US economy boomed after 1834; state banks loaned money out to industrialists and farmers. Foreign governments also loaned money to US businessmen. The amount of money being printed and the large sum of loans lead to high inflation and depreciation of currency. Eventually 800 banks closed and caused a large upset in economic growth leading to bankruptcy of many businesses. The economy wouldn’t begin to recover until 1843. Link text -
Trail of Tears
Forced relocation of many indigenous tribes from Southeast US to the west of the Mississippi River. About 100,000 indigenous people were forced to move; from that population, about 15,000 died along the journey. The routes the trail consisted of were about 5045 miles long and spanned across nine states. The removal of the indigenous people was caused by greed from the US government having found gold on Cherokee land in Georgia.
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Dorothea Dix Galvanized
March 28 Dorothea was asked to teach Sunday School for women at the East Cambridge prison. When she arrived, she was appalled to see that women who were diagnosed with mental illness were placed in the same prison as hardened criminals. Dorothea worked with several men to convince the State House to correct the issue and create a larger mental institution in Worcester MA.
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Sewing Machine Invented
Elias Howe was granted a patent for the first sewing machine in 1846. Initially, his machine did not generate the amount of business he imagined so he traveled to England to sell the patent rights. Among returning to the US, he found that his invention had boomed in violation of his patent. Eventually, he earned the royalties of the violation. His machine changed the way items such as clothes, blankets, and leather good were produced. Link text -
Donner-Reed Party
Emigrants from IL traveled west to CA, but took a shortcut. The shortcut ended up delaying their trip. The group of emigrants got trapped in the Sierra Nevada Mountains during snow storms. Many of the emigrants froze and died. Those who did not immediately freeze to death became cannibals. Only half of the group made it to CA the next year. Link text -
Mexican-American War
President James Polk offered to purchase CA, NM, and TX, but Mexico declined. A Mexican calvary attacked US soldiers above the Rio Grande. When word of this got to President Polk, he declared war based on the fact that Mexico had invaded US territory; Mexico never declared war on the US. The US was able to take back control north of the Rio Grande and captured Monterrey in September. Link text -
California Gold Rush
James Wilson Marshall had found flakes of gold in the American River at Sutter's Mill in CA. Marshall had wanted to keep news of the discovery quiet, but word got out and was being posted in newspapers. Many migrants from all across the states had heard the news and set off to discover gold for themselves in CA. The population had rose from 20,000 to 100,000. Link text -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The Mexican-American war had finally come to the end in favor of the US. This treaty added 525,00 sq mi to US territory. This territory makes up present-day AZ, CA, CO, NV, NM, UT, and WY. The treaty also declared the Rio Grande as the border between Mexico and the US. Link text -
Seneca Falls Convention
In Seneca Falls NY, the first women's rights convention took place. It was meant to call attention to the unfair treatment of women. Nearly 300 people attended, including 40 men. Elizabeth Stanton drafted the Declaration of Sentiments on the Declaration of Independence. The DoS was not passed, but became the blue print for the women's rights movement. Link text -
Civil War
After Lincoln had been elected, the South seceded and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederate army opened fire on Fort Sumter in Charleston Bay and forced Fort Sumter to surrender. The Confederate States of America wanted to keep slavery while Lincoln was working on abolishing it. The war lasted three years before the Confederates surrendered. Link text
