Declaration of Independence declares that "all men are created equal," however, the definition of "men" was limited to white, property-owning males.
United States Constitution is drafted, recognizing slavery and counting slaves as three-fifths of a person.
The international slave trade is prohibited, however domestic slavery is still allowed.
Dred Scott v. Sandford decision denied citizenship to liberated slaves.
The 13th Amendment is added to the constitution abolishing slavery.
14th Amendment establishes birthright citizenship stating "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" are guaranteed equal protection and representation under the constitution, overruling the Dred Scott decision.
The 15th Amendment is ratified granting voting rights to citizens regardless of race, however, discriminatory policies would limit access to voting for minorities.
The Chinese Exclusion Act is passed allowing for the restriction of Chinese labor immigration.
Jim Crow laws begin to be enforced, establishing racial segregation in the South, and limiting the rights of African Americans.
Plessy vs. Ferguson deems separate but equal as constitutional, allowing for the continuation of segregation.
Naturalization Act of 1906 establishes standardized procedures for naturalization, requiring immigrants to learn English and pass a citizenship test.
Congress passes the 19th amendment providing voting rights to Women.
The Indian Citizenship Act is passed granting citizenship to Native Americans, however, state laws still imposed limitations on voting rights.
The Indian Citizenship Act was passed, granting citizenship to Native Americans. However, state laws still limited their voting rights.
Immigration Act established quotas, favoring Western and Northern Europeans over Southern and Eastern Europeans and Asians.
Brown v. Board of Education overturned Plessy vs. Ferguson's decision, allowing for the desegregation of schools.
The Civil Rights Act is passed prohibiting discrimination based on race, color, religion, and sex.
The Voting Rights Act is passed removing voter restrictions imposed on African Americans.
Immigration and Nationality Act abolishes national origin quotas, prioritizing family reunification and skilled workers.
Refugee Act establishes a standardized process for admitting refugees, including those fleeing persecution.
The USA PATRIOT Act introduces stricter immigration controls in response to the 9/11 attacks.