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Here is a video describing these times. https://www.sutori.com/story/historical-timeline-of-character-education-in-america--nb8in7qMaUtBYzJNXVBiBJJJ
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The History of American Education
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This was a movement that provided all students, regardless of their backround or social class, with free education. Horace Mann, the first Secretary of the Massachusetts State Board of Education, was credited to this movement.
[https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html] -
The NEA,founded in 1857, was a policy-making organization. In 1897 the American Federal of Teachers was formed. This is a labor union that primarily represents teachers.
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This occured before Wounded Knee. The Native American children were sent to boarding schools to be "Civilized." This ripped away much of their culture.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
"By the turn of the 20th century, nearly 75 percent of America's teachers were women. But women made up a far smaller percentage of administrators, and their power decreased with each higher level of authority. ."
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
"Separate but Equal," African Americans were allowed to go to school, but they were segregated from the Whites. This meant that the white families had the best facilities and programs.
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/sepbutequal.htm -
From 1910 to 1940 when High Schools developed across the U.S. When the movement started, only about 19% of 15- to 18-year-olds were attending high school. By 1940, as much as 73% were enrolled in high school.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
John Dewey disagreed with the set structure that many American classrooms had. By the 1920's he had become the standard-bearer for Progressive Education, arguing that democracy must prevail in the classroom. Both teachers and children needed to be free, he argued, to devise the best forms of learning for each child.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
A decision by the US Supreme Courts that rule in favor of Brown. This got rid of segregation in schools. Though this took the care of the law factor. The implementation of this ruling took decades.
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/sepbutequal.htm -
In 1957 the Soviet Union launched an orbiting satellite named "sputnik." The U.S. no longer felt comfortable with their tech abilities and they wanted more help. They created the NDEA which gave funding to schools and made student loans more affordable. This caused large amounts of students to attend college.
https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Sputnik_Spurs_Passage_of_National_Defense_Education_Act.htm -
Occurring in the late 90's to early 2000's, this set goals for teachers and students to meet with each grade. It resulted in the No Child Left Behind Act.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
This was signed into law by President George W. Bush. It's purpose was to prevent the gap between minority and majority students from increasing by providing the disadvantaged with the resources to succeed. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0--2nhsDorg
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