Evolution of Andragogy vs Pedagogy

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi

1780

Reference Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi publishes "The Evening Hour of a Hermit" which outlines his pedagogical doctrine which stresses that education should proceed from the familiar to the new, incorporate the performance of concrete arts and the experience of actual emotional responses, and be paced to follow the gradual unfolding of the child’s development.

Johann Friedrich Herbart

1824

Reference In 1824, Johann Friedrich Herbart published "Psychology As Knowledge Newly Founded on Experience, Metaphysics, and Mathematics" outlining his pedagogical theory of Herbartianism which advocated for instruction that introduced new ideas in discrete steps.

Andragogy Defined

1833

Reference Andragogy (German: “Andragogik”) was coined in 1833 by German Educator Alexander Kapp. It was done to label it as an academic discipline and as a lifelong culmination of learning.

John Dewey

1897

Reference In 1897, John Dewey published "My Pedagogic Creed, The Child and the Curriculum" in which he expresses the need for curriculums to linked to the real life experiences of children.

Malcolm Knowles is born

Aug 24, 1913

Reference Melcolm Knowles, considered the central figure in US adult education in the second half of the 20th centory, was born in August 1913.

German adult education begins to focus on theorizing

1920

Reference German adult education began to become a field of theorizing in the 1920s. An example of this was a group of scholars called the "Hohenrodter Bund" who developed in theory in practice the ‘Neue Richtung’ (new direction) in adult education.

Andragogy begins spreading from Germany

1950

Reference Starting in the 1950's, andragogy can be found in publications in Switzerland, Yugoslavia, the Netherlands, and Germany.

Andragogy spreads to English-speaking countries

1968

Reference Malcolm Knowles published his article, ‘Andragogy, Not Pedagogy’ in 1968. This article helped give the term Andragogy recognition among English-speaking countries.

First ADDIE model use

1975

Reference The ADDIE model, a process used my instructional designers and training developers for adults, first appeared.

Online courses become available

1994

Reference Online courses for adults become available with the advent of the world wide web, beginning with CALCampus.