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The novel showed the life of slaves. The southerners thought it was exagerated story and the northerners began to aware of the the situation and pushed more for abolition. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncle_Tom%27s_Cabin
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This act allowed slavery in all areas because of popular sovereignty. And it splits northern democrats and whigs into two parties.
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"Bleeding Kansas" started over northerners and southerners trying to convince the other side of their opinion on slavery for popular sovereinity by attacking and killing. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleeding_Kansas
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The southerners became scared of the slavery because the northerners provided guns and knives to them.
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Lincoln was an anti-slavery Republican who won the presidency. And the southerners thought they would face the destruction and lost their power.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1860
