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Underground Railroad
It was a term of network places, secret routes, passageways and safe houses used by slave in the U.S. to escape the slave states and enter the northern states and Canada.
It had great leader such as Harriet Tubman, Fredrick Douglass, and John Brown.
It was significant because it helped slaves who would normally be punished if they got away from their owners and whites helping slaves could be punished too, but they kept going.
http://www.historynet.com/underground-railroad -
Cotton Gin
Invented by Eli Whitney, the Cotton Gin tremendously increased the speed of taking seeds out of the cotton fiber compared to doing it by hand.
It didn't make Whitney too much money due to patent-infringement issues, but it gave the Southern planters a chance to increase the amount of slave despite the large American abolition.
Farmers were delighted when they heard cotton production rising, but had no intention to share it.
http://www.history.com/topics/inventions/cotton-gin-and-eli-whitney -
Missouri Compromise of 1820
It made Missouri a slave state and Maine as a free state.
It was signed by President James Monroe.
It prohibited slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of the 36° 30´ latitude line.
https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Missouri.html -
Tariff of 1828 & Nullification Crisis
President John Quincy Adams signed this, helping to seal his loss in the presidential election to Andrew Jackson.
It sought to protect northern and western agricultural products from competition with foreign imports.
It would increase the price of living in the Southern Colonies and cut into the profit of New England's industrialists.
http://history.house.gov/HistoricalHighlight/Detail/36974 -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
One of the largest slave rebellions in the United States and played an important role in the development of antebellum slave society.
In his 20's Nat had visions that God was commanding him to prepare himself for battle against evil.
In the end, his rebellion was put down and he was captured and hanged in 1831.
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/nchist-newnation/4574 -
The Liberator is Published
It is a weekly news article made by William Lloyd Garrison.
The first quote Garrison wrote was “Our country is the world—our countrymen are mankind.”
He published the last issue after the Civil War “my vocation as an abolitionist is ended.” He made a total of 1,820 issues for the Liberator.
http://www.accessible-archives.com/collections/the-liberator/ -
Wilmot Proviso
It was designed to eliminate slavery within the land acquired of the Mexican War.
David Wilmot proposed his amendment to the bill in fear of the addition of pro-slave territory.
It helped bring out the republican party in 1859.
http://www.history.com/topics/wilmot-proviso -
Compromise of 1850
It was introduced by Henry Clay in a series of resolutions.
It consisted of 5 laws that dealt with the issue of slavery.
As part of the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was amended and the slave trade in Washington, D.C., was abolished.
https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Compromise1850.html -
Uncle Tom's Cabin is Published
It is the most influential American novel in the United States.
Not every scene has vanished in real life.
Harriet Beecher Stowe's inspiration for Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly was the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which made aiding or assisting runaway slaves a crime in free states. Uncle Tom's Cabin, which was first published in 1852, is thus a deliberate and carefully written anti-slavery argument.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/uncle-toms-cabin-is-published -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
It allowed people living in those territories to have slaves or not in their borders.
This was mainly for repelling the Missouri Compromise of 1820.
It angered people living in the north who considered the Missouri Compromise of 1820 to be a long-standing binding agreement.
http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/kansas.htm -
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Bleeding Kansas
Because of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, violence broke out in Kansas since pro slavery and free-state settlers went into Kansas to influence slavery.
The label was first fixed on the strife-ridden territory by antislavery publicists.
This is where the Civil War began for Kansas.
http://www.history.com/topics/bleeding-kansas -
Brooks-Sumner Event
Senator Charles Sumner was caned by Representative Preston Brooks, severely injured and brought away.
Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts was an avowed Abolitionist and leader of the Republican Party. After the sack of Lawrence, on May 21, 1856, he gave a bitter speech in the Senate called "The Crime Against Kansas."
Brooks was reelected but died at 37, while Sumner recovered and returned to his job
https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/The_Caning_of_Senator_Charles_Sumner.htm -
Dread Scott Decision
The U.S. supreme court issues a decision to affirm the right of slave owners to take their slaves into the Western territories.
Dread Scott was a slave whose owner, an army doctor was in Illinois and Wisconsin.
It brought to a head the tension surrounding the issue of slavery in the United States.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/dred-scott-decision -
Lincoln-Douglass Debates
There were 7 debates in total between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglass.
It is known as one of the most significant statements in the U.S.
The debates were part of a larger campaign tahtwere designed to achieve certain immediate political objectives, and that they reflected the characteristics of mid-nineteenth-century political rhetoric.
http://www.history.com/topics/lincoln-douglas-debates -
John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry
Brown did this in an attempt to start an armed slave revolt and destroy the institution of slavery.
When Brown's men overran the arsenal, they were surrounded the next day and very injured.
Before he was executed, Brown handed a note to the guard in which it said "I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with blood."
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/john-browns-raid-on-harpers-ferry -
Election of 1860
Abraham Lincoln would win it and become our 16th President.
Lincoln led the Union to victory in the Civil War and ended slavery in America.
Abraham Lincoln, the party's nominee in 1860, was seen as a moderate on slavery, but Southerners feared that his election would lead to its demise, and vowed to leave the Union if he was elected.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/32d.asp -
Secession of Southern States
After the election of 1860, everything went quickly.
South Carolina acted first, calling for a convention to secede from the Union. State by state, conventions were held, and the confederacy was formed.
3 months after the election, 7 states had seceded from the union, worried that Lincoln would end slavery.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/32e.asp -
Fort Sumter is Fired Upon
This was the first major battle of the Civil War.
The confederate forces opened fire on Fort Sumter, the nearly completed federal garrison positioned on a man-made island in South Carolina's Charleston harbor.
Fort Sumter allowed the Confederates to create a valuable hole in the Union blockade of the Atlantic seaboard.
https://www.civilwar.org/learn/civil-war/battles/fort-sumter
