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Albany Congress
Meeting of the colonial leaders in Albany New York. The British wanted the colonies to cooperate in defending themselves against the French. The Iroquois were also invited to the meeting. The Iroquois refused to help because they thought the French would win the war. The Iroquois did not agree to help the British -
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French and Indian war
French and Indians vs. British/ Iroquois and colonist. Fought over control over Ohio river valley. British defeated the French and France lost their entire empire to Britain. -
Treaty of Paris
Treaty signed by the French and British to cease all fighting between the countries. The French surrendered all of there American territory to the British and Native Americans. The treaty took place in Paris France after the British defeated the French in Quebec. A treaty that is signed by two country's has the power to stop anything happening between the two country's. -
The Quartering Act
The Quartering Act was to save money. The act required colonists to quarter (house) British troops and provide them with food,and other needs to live. The colonists protested that the act was a violation of their rights. -
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Pontiac's War
During the last days of the French and Indian war the Ottawa leader Pontiac made an alliance with western Native Americans. They destroyed nearly half a dozen British forts and killed almost 2,000 back country settlers. On the other side the British killed natives that did not attack them. The British defeated Pontiac's army near Fort Pitt but Pontiac refused and fought for another year and ended in fall of 1764. The British defeated Pontiac in fall of 1763 -
Proclamation of 1763
Britain wanted to avoid further wars with natives on the frontier, so the British issued a Proclamation that was to ban colonial settlements west of the Appalachian Mountains. All settlers west of the line were told to move east towards the colonies. -
The Sugar Act
The sugar act was a tax put on imports from different countries. The tax included all products with sugar including molasses. The smuggling of any of these goods resolved in harsh punishment. Merchants traded smuggled goods and protested. The tax was never lifted from the products. -
The Stamp Act
The Stamp act requires all colonists to buy special stamps for different products and activitys. The stamp was to be put on newspapers, wills, licenses, insurance policies, land titles, contracts, and other important documents. The colonists boycotted the act and in 1766 Parliment repealed the act. -
The Boston Massacre
A group of workers and sailors surrounded the small group of troops and threw snowballs and bricks.The scared troop Fired into the crowd, then other troops fired random shots into a crowd of angry protesters, killing five people and wonding six. Two troops were found guilty of manslaughter. -
Tea Act
The Tea Act allowed lower prices on tea so the East India company could ship the tea directly to the colonies. This act gave the East India company a monopoly selling British tea in the colonies. This angered the colonist. This monopoly hurt colonial merchants, many had to sell dutch tea that was smuggled into the colonies. The colonist still had to pay the tax on tea. -
Boston Tea Party
The tax on tea angered the colonist so they refused to buy the tea. The one night in December a organization called the Sons of Liberty dressed as natives and boarded the ships the carried the tea. The group of men threw over 90,000 pounds of tea worth thousands of dollars int the Boston harbor. -
Intolerable Acts
This act closed the Boston harbor to any trade or selling of products coming from other countries. the 2nd act stopped all town meetings, and two other increased the power of the royal. Another abolished the Massachusetts legislature, and the fourth law strengthened the 1765 Quartering acts. It also prevented settlers from moving west into what Quebec claimed as there lands. -
First Continental Congress
The meeting of the first congress demanded the Intolerable acts to be repealed from the colonies and the colonies had a right to tax and govern themselves. This also called for the training of militias to stand up to British troops if necessary. the congress called for a new boycott of British goods. The voted to meet again in May of 1775 if demands were not met. -
Battles of Lexington and Concord
The British sent 700 troops to seize the colonist weapon stash in concord, 20 miles from Boston. The troops did not want to look suspicious walking 700 men out of Boston so they left at night. When the men were walking through Lexington the militia was standing ready with 77 men. The British defeated the militia and continued towards Concord. When the British arrived in Concord they found no weapons, When the British arrived the militia was ready with 4000 men. The militia defeated British. -
battle of Fort Ticonderoga
In May of 1775 a group known as the Green Mountain Boys made a surprise attack on the British fort called Fort Ticonderoga and the southern end of lake Champlain in northern New York. Ethan Allen lead the troops to the fort during the night outnumbering the British troops 83-42. The British surrendered the fort almost immediately. The fort had the weapons the colonist had been looking for and they seized the cannons and dragged them back to Boston. Also the fort controlled the Champlain river. -
The Second Continental Congress
The demands of the congress were not met by the British so the colonies demanded another meeting. They decided on making an army to help defend the British against the colonies. Congress chose George Washington as the leading commander of the army. -
Battle of Bunker and Breeds Hill
The battle of Bunker and Breeds hill was a battle of control over Boston. The British had over 6,500 troops in Boston while the american's had about 10,000 surrounding the city where they could fire on British ships in the harbor. The British attacked Bunker hill and in the end they won, but at a big loss for men. The British attacked three times and over 1,000 British troops were killed or wounded and about 400 american losses or wounded. -
Olive Branch Petition
The petition against the king which said that the colonist were loyal to the king, and asked to stop all fighting between the colonies and the British. The king ignored the letter and peace was never made between the colonies and the British. -
Invasion of Quebec
When Washington was training an army outside of Boston, two army's moved north into Canada. During a cold snowy day the army attacked Quebec and the attack was turned back. the leader of one army Richard Montgomery was killed and the other Benedict Arnold was wounded. The american's stayed outside of Quebec until May of 1776 when the British had new forces in Canada. The army's were weakened by hunger and diseases and retreated from Canada. -
The British withdrawal from Boston
After the battle of Bunker Hill George Washington took command of the colonial army. Washington brought the cannons from Fort Ticonderoga to different hills surrounding Boston, this was a threat to fire cannons onto the city of Boston and this drove the British out of Boston back to Britain and never they returned.