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Events in Cloning

By JHughes020608

  • First-ever demonstration of artificial embryo twinning

    First-ever demonstration of artificial embryo twinning
    The earliest known clone produced by scientific manipulation was created in the year 1885. The German scientist Hans Driesch created identical twins from a single sea urchin embryo by a process called embryo splitting

  • First successful nuclear transfer

    First successful nuclear transfer
    scientists could take a nucleus from an early embryonic cell and successfully transfer it into an unfertilized and enucleated egg cell.

  • First mammalian embryo created by nuclear transfer

    First mammalian embryo created by nuclear transfer
    Bromhall conducted experiments using rabbit embryos and showed that, after a certain stage in development called the morula stage, embryos produced from nuclear transfer died. Bromhall hypothesized that they died as the result of complications from the punctures made in the cell membrane during the transfer

  • Dolly: First mammal created by somatic cell nuclear transfer

    Dolly: First mammal created by somatic cell nuclear transfer
    British developmental biologist Ian Wilmut generated a cloned sheep, named Dolly, by means of nuclear transfer involving an enucleated embryo and a differentiated cell nucleus

  • Nuclear transfer from laboratory cells

    Nuclear transfer from laboratory cells
    The lambs born from this procedure were named Megan and Morag. This experiment showed that cultured cells can supply donor nuclei for cloning by nuclear transfer

  • First primate created by embryonic cell nuclear transfer

    First primate created by embryonic cell nuclear transfer
    The successful cloning of rhesus monkeys was first reported back in 1997, utilizing blastomeres from early-stage embryos as donor cells. This experiment showed that primates, humans’ closest relatives, can be cloned.

  • Endangered animals cloned by somatic cell nuclear transfer

    Endangered animals cloned by somatic cell nuclear transfer
    the world's first cloned endangered species, an Asian ox known as a guar, was born to a domestic cow. Although the calf died just a few days later due to an infection

  • Human embryonic stem cells created by somatic cell nuclear transfer

    Human embryonic stem cells created by somatic cell nuclear transfer
    successful derivation of human embryonic stem cell lines derived through SCNT, using fetal and infant donor cells. Using MII oocytes from volunteers and their improved SCNT procedure, human clone embryos were successfully produced.