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Apr 5, 1462
Ivan III of Russia
Reigned of 4/5/1462 to 11/6/1505
Left throne due to death
1. Tripled the lands of Russia during his reign
2. Ended Golden Horde dominance over Russia
3. Renovation of Kremlin
4. Laid foundations for Russian state
Part of the Rurik Dynasty
Grade: A because he enlarged his country and provided a way to create a better government for Russia. -
Apr 21, 1509
Henry VIII of England
Reigned form 4/21/1509 to 1/28/1547
Left throne due to a natural death
1. Ascended to the throne at age 5
2. Participated in the 7 years war
3. Participated in the war of Austrian Succession
4. Had many wives- controversy over heir
His wife was Catherine of Aragon
Grade: C because he was not very successful in strengthening his country and he was low in character as seen by how many wives he had. -
Mar 14, 1516
Charles I of Spain
Rein from 3/14/1516 to 1/16/1556
Left the throne by retirement
1. Italian Wars vs. France
2. Faught Protestantism
3. Colonization of Americas
4. 5 Ships to Megellan
Member of the Hapsburg dynasty, and connection with Valois- Burgundy
Grade: A, he colonized in the Americas and provided money for his country. -
Dec 12, 1533
Ivan IV of Russia
Reigned form 12/12/1533 to 1/26/1547
Left the throne due to death
1. Daughter Maria Theresa could now take the throne
2. War of Austrian Succession
3. Pragmatic Sanction
4. War of quadruple alliance
Part of Rurick Dynasty
Grade: B, he defended his country when needed, but did not improve it.
Hapsburg Dynasty -
Jan 28, 1547
Edward VI of England
Reigned from 1/28/1547 to 7/6/1553
Left throne due to a natural death, short reign
1. Crowned at age 9
2. Realm governed by Regency Council during his reign
3. Transformation of Anlican church
4. Went to war with Scottland
Connected to the hapsburgs during the tudor dynasty
Grade: B because he got his country to conform to a common religion and defended his country against scottland. -
Jul 19, 1553
Mary I of England
Reigned for 7/19/1553 to 11/17/1558
Died during influenza epidemic
1. Persecution of Protestants in England
2. Made England Catholic again for the duration of her rule
3. Desposed of Lady Jane Grey
4. Marriage to Prince Philip of Spain
Tudor Dynasty- Hapsburg
Grade: C, did not protect all of her people (protestants were persecuted) and did not improve her country. -
Jan 16, 1556
Philip II of Spain
Reined from 1/16/1556 to 9/13/1598
He left throne due to cancer.
1. Colonized the Philippines
2. Created the Dutch Republic
3. Lead the Spanish Armada and Invaded England
4. Defeated the Catholic Church
He belonged to the House of Habsburg
Grade: A because of colonization, invasion of England, and defeat of Catholic Church -
Nov 17, 1558
Elizabeth I of England
Reigned form 11/17/1558 to 3/24/1603
Left throne due to death
1. Refused marriage knowing it would limit her power
2. Willingness to let members speak their mind without punishment
3. Called parliament to order 10 times during a 45 year rein
4. Clearly in charge, but subjects questioned her actions
She was a part of the Tudor Dynasty
Grade: A, used parliament well and kept her power to herself by not marrying -
Henry IV of France
Reined from 8/2/1589 to 5/14/1610
Left the throne due to stabbing by a crazy Catholic
1. “Paris is well worth a mass”- changed religions from protestant to catholic
2. Edict of Nantes
3. Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre
4. Created new industries to promote agriculture and trade
His first wife was the daughter of de Madici
Grade: A because he developed the Edict of Nantes which protected the huguenots as a recovery from the massecre. -
Phillip III of Spain
Reined from 9/16/1598 to 3/31/1621
He died, maybe by hot coals.
1. Put government into the hands of Duke of Lerma
2. Put a lot of money into court festivals
3. Caused economy to go down hill
4. Brought Spain into Thirty Years War
Had connections to Margaret of Austria, Duke of Lerma, and member of the House of Habsburg
Grade: D because he spent too much money on the wrong things and caused the economy to go downhill. -
James I of England
Reigned from 3/24/1603 to 3/27/1625
Left throne due to death
1. Was first of Stuart Dynasty
2. Puritains threatened his power
3. Published king james bible
4. Performed witch hunts
Backed by church authority and was part of stuart dynasty.
Grade: C, he was threatened by the puritains which is a sign of weakness and created a bible after his name, not very humble. -
Louis XIII of France
Reined from 5/14/1610 to 5/14/1643
Left the throne due to death
1. Not old enough to rule, had help from Cardinal Richelieu
2. Became the chief minister, advisor
3.Richelieu reduced the power of the Huguenots
4. he strengthened the Monarchy
His greatest connection was his advisor Richelieu
Grade: C, he did not rule by himself and he used his power to oppress the huguenots -
Michael I of Russia
Reigned from 2/21/1613 to 7/12/1645
Leg injury/death over stress
1. First of Romanov Dynasty
2. Peace of Stolbovo
3. Truce of Deulino
4. Married to Eudoxia Streshneva who had 10 kids
In relation with Tsarina Anastasia: Romanov
Grade: B, he created some peace for his country, but did not improve it by much -
Ferdinand II of Austria
Reigned form 1618 to 2/15/1637
Left throne due to death
1. Edict of restitution
2. Participated in Thirty Year’s war
3. Second Defenestration of Prague
4. Counter reformation
Part of the House of Hapsburg
Grade: B, provided some sense of new government (edict of restitution) and defended his country in various wars. -
Philip IV of Spain
Reined from 3/31/1621 to 9/17/1665
Left throne because he died.
1. Promoted art and was interested in Diego Velazquez
2. Was involved in the Thirty Years War
3. Was involved in the Spanish treasure fleet
4. Was involved in the Spanish-French War
Olivares: House of Hapsburg
Grade: B, rennaisance man who promoted art, protected his country in war, bnut was involved in too many. -
Charles I of England
Reigned from 3/27/1625 to 1/30/1649
Sentanced to death for treason and beheaded
1. Was refused money from parliament
2. Had to sign the petition of right.
3. Taxed people without support of parliament
4. Battled parliament to try to dismiss them
Backed by church authorities part of stuart dynasty
Grade: D, he refused the assistance of parliament and committed treason -
Louis XIV of France
Reined from 5/14/1643 to 9/1/1715
Died an absolute monarch
1. Sun king (everything under the sun) he was an absolute monarch
2. War of Spanish Succession
3. Built a palace in Versailles
4. Revoked edict of nantes
Member of house of bourbon
Grade: F, too much power and not enough suipport for his citizens. He revoked the edict of nantes and persecuted many -
Oliver Cromwell of England
Reigned from 12/16/1653 to 9/3/1658
Left the throne due to death
1. he lead roundheads
2. victory over king
3. dismissed members of parliament who disagreed
4. Started house of commons
Parliament
Grade: B, he cchanged the government for the better but he did not do the best he could with the new, more democratic form. -
Charles II of England
Reigned form 1660 to 2/6/1685
Left the throne due to death
1. He reopened theaters
2. Habeas Corpus Act
3. Supported toleration of Catholics
4. Clarenden code: re-established Church of England
House of Stuart
Grade: B, he was a renaissance man who promoted art ant created the habeas corpus act -
Charles II of Spain
Reined from 9/17/1665 to 11/1/1700
Left throne due to a natural death
1. Unfit to rule due to mental illness (did not attend school due to this)
2. Poor economy and hunger throughout Spain during rule
3. Presided over the Auto-de-fe of the Spanish Inquisition
4. Created Junta Magna (a Great Council to examine and investigate the Spanish inquisition)
Was acquainted with Marie Louise d’Orleans and Maria of Neuburg
Grade: D, caused the economy to be very bad. -
Peter I of Russia
Reigned for 5/7/1682 to 2/8/1725
He left throne due to death
1. Removed his sister from the throne
2. Build navy in Azov, capitol in St. Petersburg
3. Westernization brought new culture to Russia
4. Built up industry and started a newspaper
Member of the House of Romanov
Grade: A, he brought good change to russia, new and better cultural ideas, new and better capital. -
James II of England
Reigned form 2/6/1685 to 12/23/1689
Left the throne due to death
1. Crowned as king
2. absolute monarch
3. Supported toleration of english
4. Clarenden code: re-established Church of England
Parliament: House of Stuart
Grade: C absolute monarchs are never good, did nothing of importance -
Mary II of England
Reigned from 2/13/1689 to 12/28/1694
Left the throne due to death
Left the throne due to death
1. Glorious revolution
2. he signed english bill of rights
3. levying taxes without parliament prevented
4. protestant was against louis XIV
Stuart
Grade: B he worked well with parliament but did not do anything spectacular -
William III of England
Reigned from 2/13/1689 to 3/8/1702
Left the throne due to death
1. Glorious revolution
2. he signed english bill of rights
3. levying taxes without parliament prevented
4. protestant was against louis XIV
Stuart
Grade: B he worked well with parliament but did not do anything spectacular -
Philip V of Spain
Reined from 11/16/1700 to 1/14/1724
Left the throne due to death
1. Abdicated the throne in favor of his son
2. Took over the throne again after the death of his son Louis I in 1724
3. First member of the House of Bourbon to rule in Spain
4. War of Spanish Succession in which there was conflict over whether or not France had a right to “take claim” over Spain
Connections with the rest of the House of Bourbon
Grade: B, was willing to pass on reign to his son, but due to unfortunate events -
Charles VI of Austria
Reigned from 10/12/1711 to 11/20/1740
Left the throne due to death
1. Daughter Maria Theresa could now take the throne
2. War of Austrian Succession
3. Pragmatic Sanction
4. War of quadruple alliance
Hapsburg Dynasty
Grade: B, nothing too spectacular, but he did make it so a girl would take over reign after him and was involved in the Pragmatic Sanction. -
Louis XV of France
Reigned from 9/1/1715 to 5/10/1774
Left throne due to a natural death
1. Ascended to the throne at age 5
2. Participated in the 7 years war
3. Participated in the war of Austrian Succession
4. Cardinal de Flury acted as his chief minister and helped with economy
Member of the House of Bourbon
Grade: C because he was too young to do anything when he started ruling, and never really did much after that except participated in the 7 years war -
Maria Theresa of Austria
Reigned from 10/20/1740 to 11/29/1780
Left throne due to death
1. Rejected alliance with Frederick
2. Pragmatic sanction
3. War of Austrian Succession
4. Participated in 7 years war
Part of Hapsburg Dynasty
Grade: C because she did not join with Frederick when she had the chance which could have improved the strength of her country. -
Catherine II of Russia
Reigned form 7/9/1762 to 11/6/1796
She left the throne due to death
1. War in Poland, people wanted freedom from Russia
2. Coup d'etat of her husband Peter III
3. Russian Enlightenment
4. Education Reform (included women)
House of Romanov
Grade: A, she helped form a new culture in Russia, she promoted the education of women, and she never stopped serving her people. -
Louis XVI of France
Reigned from 5/10/1774 to 9/21/1792
Left throne because he was executed during the French Revolution
1. Attempted to fit in with the ideas of enlightenment
2. Participated in the French Revolution
3. Participated in the storming of the Bastille
4. Was under house arrest after trying to leave France, then was executed
Was a member of the House of Bourbon and had connections to the HRE through wife Marie Antoinette
Grade: B, was dedicated to his country and captured in war, enlightenment thinker
