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509 BCE
The Roman Empire
Dates: 509 B.C. Rome changed from a monarchy to a republic. 200 B.C. Roman armies began seizing territory throughout the Mediterranean region. In 27 B.C. the first emperor of the Roman Empire gained this position which was Augustus.
Leaders: Augustus
Location: Mediterranean region
Time Period: This period in time was know as the Pax Romana which was a time of peace, artistic growth, and expanding trading that lasted about years -
300 BCE
Ancient Greece
Dates: 130 B.C., the Romans had conquered most of the Greek kingdoms.
Leaders: Thinkers- Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Invader Philip II of Macedonia conquered Greece. Son named Alexander the Great.
Locations; Lived near Aegean Sea. Most powerful city-states- Athens
Time Period: They were known for there great thinkers, and trade. -
300
Rome's Decline
Dates: By the late A.D. 300's, the roman Empire was in decline, About A.D 395
Leaders: Rivals struggled to become emperor, and Germanic attacked from the north.
Locations: Byzantine Empire, Rome, Western Roman Empire, Europe, and the West
Time Period: This time was known for spreading classic culture and Christianity. -
392
Christanity
Dates: 392
Leaders: Jewish Teacher- Jesus of Nazareth preached of love and forgiveness. Peter and Paul established the Christian Church.
Locations: Christianity was developing in Palestine in eastern part of the Roman Empire
Time Period: This happened during the Pax Romana time period which was a time of peace, artist growth, and expanding trade. -
600
A Christian Europe
Dates: During the Middle Ages (600s),
Leaders: The Roman Catholic Church, based in Rome, was headed by a powerful pope.
Locations: In eastern Europe the Byzantine empire were known for passing on Eastern Orthodoxy and Greek and Roman culture to Slavic groups.
Time Period: The eastern Orthodox Church was centered in the Byzantine Europe, Other wise known as The Middle Ages. -
600
The Crusades
Dates: 600s, founded in the A.D. 600's
Leaders: Muhammad,
Locations: Palestine, Spain, Europe, and Muslim Lands.
Time Period: Muslim conflict arose again in Spain in the late 1400's. Since the A.D. 700's, Muslim groups had controlled parts of Spain. -
800
The Middle Ages
Dates: 800 A.D.
Leaders: Germanic King: Charlemange died and the empire he had built up had come crashing down and broke up.
Locations: The western Europeans were poor pheasants. The farmed the lands that were owned by the kings, nobles, and church leaders.
Time Period: The Middle Ages -
1350
The Renaissance
Dates: 1350- 1550
Important People- poets, sculptors, and painters such as Michelangelo, and Leonardo da Vinci, who created stunning masterpieces.
Locations: The Renaissance thrived in Italian Cities such as Florence, Rome, and Venice.
Time Period: This period in time was known as the Renaissance. This period was after the black death in Europe who was still recovering from it. The people grew an interest in art and learning. Renaissance is french for rebirth. -
1400
European Explorations
Dates: 1400s, In 1492, the Italian born explorer Christopher Columbus tried to find a different route to Asia.
Leaders: Christopher Columbus
Locations: As Europe's kingdoms grew stronger, Europeans seafarers began a series of ocean voyages that led to a great age of exploration and discovery. Portuguese navigators developed new trade routs by sailing around the continent of Africa to Asia.
Time Period: Europe Exploration, 1400s -
1500
The Reformation
Dates: 1500, 1517, and mid-1500s
Leaders: Martin Luther, German religious leader, Pope in Rome.
Locations: Rome, Europe
Time Period: During the 1500s
Martin Luther set out to reform certain church practices. Luther broke away from Catholic Church to start his own church which then sparked the reformation which led to new Christianity. Wars between Roman Catholics and Protestants started in Europe. -
The Enlightenment
Dates: 1700s, 1776, 1789, 1815,
Leaders: Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, John Locke, Napolen Bonaparte
Locations: Europe started to get an educated. They turned to science as a way to explain the world. The ways of science sparked a revolution.
Time Period: After the Renaissance. Scientific Revolution, many Europeans relied on one reason, rather than faith, or tradition, to guide them through this period in time. -
Communism
Dates: 16th century, 1777
Leaders: French philosopher and writer Victor d'Hupay, 16th-century English writer Thomas More.
Locations: Ancient Greece
Communism is a system in which the government controls the ways of producing goods.
Time Period: During 1777, but has been traced back to the 16th century. -
World War 1
Date: 1914- 1918
Locations: Europe was left in ruins.
Leaders: The trigger for the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, 1914. 4. The Russian government collapsed in March 1917.
Time Period: 1914- 1918, World War 1 lasted about 4 years
More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history. Over 9 million soldiers and 7 million civilians died from the war. -
World War 2
Date: 1939- 1945
Location: Europe
Leaders: Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Emperor Hirohito
Millions of people were dead or homeless. During World War 2 one of the major horrors was Holocaust which was the mass killing of 6 million European Jews by German Nazi rulers. -
The Cold War
Dates: 1947- 1989
Leaders: Vladimir Lenin(Russia), then after his death Joseph Stalin took over.
Locations: United States, Soviet Union, Europe, Vietnam, Cuba, Korea, Greece, East Asia, South America
Time Period: 1947-1991, The Cold War lasted about 44 years.
The United States and the Soviet Union became rivals during the Cold War. This was not a war of of bullets and bombs, but a struggle for world power.
