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period of transition from the pre-agricultural period to an agricultural period characterized by a diet of cultivated foods; or a further transition from a living form of agriculture into a more advanced and more productive form of agriculture
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was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transport, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions
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was a Scottish-American naturalist, author, and early advocate of preservation of wilderness in the United States.
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an American book written by noted transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau, a reflection upon simple living in natural surroundings. The work is part personal declaration of independence, social experiment, voyage of spiritual discovery, satire, and manual for self-reliance
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United States federal laws that gave an applicant ownership of land, typically called a "homestead", at little or no cost.
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national park located primarily in the U.S. state ofWyoming, although it also extends into Montana and Idaho. It was established by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872
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non-profit conservation organization, established in 1875, and dedicated to protecting and restoring healthy forest ecosystems. The current headquarters are in Washington, D.C.
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The park, which is managed by the National Park Service, covers an area of 747,956 acres
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an agency of the United States federal government that manages all U.S. national parks, many American national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations.
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simply the Lacey Act (16 U.S.C. §§ 3371–3378) is a conservation law in the United States that prohibits trade in wildlife, fish, and plants that have been illegally taken, possessed, transported or sold
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Roosevelt used his power to protect wildlife in the US. He moved the Forest Reserves from the Department of the Interior to the Department of Agriculture. He also extended the reserves
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designation for certain protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife and plants
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is an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture that administers the nation's 155 national forests and 20 national grasslands
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was an American forester and politician. Pinchot served as the first Chief of theUnited States Forest Service from 1905 until his firing in 1910
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was an American author, scientist, ecologist, forester, and environmentalist. He was a professor at the University of Wisconsin and is best known for his book A Sand County Almanac
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Audubon is one of the oldest of such organizations in the world and uses science, education and grassroots advocacy to advance its conservation mission
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This law gives the President of the United States the authority to, by executive order, restrict the use of particular public land owned by the federal government.
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an agency of the United States federal government that manages all U.S. national parks, many American national monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations
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was a public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men from relief families, ages 18–25 as part of the New Deal. Robert Fechner was the head of the agency
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signed by President Roosevelt, was intended to stop injury to the public grazing lands by preventing overgrazing and soil deterioration
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authorized the annual issuance of what is popularly known as the Duck Stamp. In 1976, Congress changed the official name to the Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp
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a federal government agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior dedicated to the management of fish, wildlife, and natural habitats
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It created the legal definition of wilderness in the United States, and protected 9.1 million acres (36,000 km²) of federal land. The result of a long effort to protect federal wilderness and to create a formal mechanism for designating wilderness
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the commission recommended that the nation protect wild rivers and scenic rivers from development that would substantially change their wild or scenic nature.
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The river is famous for being "the river that caught fire," helping to spur the environmental movementin the late 1960s.
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NEPA's most significant effect was to set up procedural requirements for all federal government agencies to prepare environmental assessments (EAs) and environmental impact statements (EISs).
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an annual event, celebrated on April 22, on which day events worldwide are held to demonstrate support for environmental protection.
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an agency of the U.S. federal government which was created for the purpose of protecting human health and the environment by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress
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a United States federal law designed to control air pollution on a national level. It requires theEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop and enforce regulations to protect the public from airborne contaminants known to be hazardous to human health
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was designed to protect criticallyimperiled species from extinction as a "consequence of economic growth and development untempered by adequate concern and conservation
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United States federal law that set up the basic U.S. system of pesticide regulation to protect applicators, consumers, and the environment.•
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United States federal law that set up the basic U.S. system of pesticide regulation to protect applicators, consumers, and the environment.•
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an international organization and economic cartelwhose mission is to coordinate the policies of the oil-producing countries. The goal is to secure a steady income to the member states and to collude in influencing world oil prices through economic means.•
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Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related phenomena observed since the late 1970s: a steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of ozone in Earth's stratosphere (the ozone layer), and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone over Earth's polar regions
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are to protect human health and the environment from the potential hazards of waste disposal, to conserve energy and natural resources, to reduce the amount of waste generated, and to ensure that wastes are managed in an environmentally sound manner.
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Passed in 1972, the objective of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, commonly referred to as the Clean Water Act (CWA)
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s the primary federal law that regulates the environmental effects of coal mining in theUnited States
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Love Canal became the subject of national and international attention after it was revealed in the press that the site had formerly been used to bury 21,000 tons oftoxic waste by Hooker Chemical Company
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Worst accident in the US commercial nuclear power plant history
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The objective of CERCLA is to clean up uncontrolled releases of specified hazardous substances
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was a catastrophic nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine (then officially the Ukrainian SSR), which was under the direct jurisdiction of the central authorities of the Soviet Union. An explosion and fire released large quantities of radioactive particles into the atmosphere, which spread over much of the western USSR andEurope
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an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion
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was anoil tanker that gained notoriety after running aground in Prince William Sound spilling hundreds of thousands of barrels of crude oil in Alaska.
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The act was an attempt to combat growing energy problems, changed US energy policy by providingtax incentives and loan guarantees for energy production of various types.
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that established the Death Valley and Joshua Tree National Parks and the Mojave National Preserve in the California desert
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The Kyoto Protocol was drawn up on 11 December 1997 as an implementary measure to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) signed on 9 May 1992
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The world’s population topped the 6 billion on Oct. 12, 1999 , with the birth of a baby in Sarajevo. To some, that’s cause for celebration
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considers the vulnerability and exposure of human and natural systems, the observed impacts and future risks of climate change, and the potential for and limits to adaptation.
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and is considered the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry
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he book documented the detrimental effects on the environment—particularly on birds—of the indiscriminate use of pesticides
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was a gas leak incident in India, considered the world's worst industrial disaster