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Period: to
Minamata Bay Disaster
Food chains accumulating toxins to higher trophies levels, including humans. It was a mercury poisoning polluting there bay and hurting fish and shellfish.
Resources:
https://www.med.or.jp/english/pdf/2006_03/112_118.pdf
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Period: to
NGO’s gain greater following
Public awareness grows, WWFN, Greenpeace, Friends of the Earth all form, it’s a communications Revolution.
Resources:
https://www.britannica.com/topic/nongovernmental-organization
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Period: to
Rachel Carson publishes ‘silent spring’
A book on the dangers of chemical toxins affecting humans and animals. Spurred a reversal in national pesticide policy that got DDT banned.
Resources:
https://www.permaculturenews.org/2016/06/20/silent-spring-environmental-movement/#:~:text=Silent%20Spring%20was%20met%20with,the%20U.S.%20Environmental%20Protection%20Agency.
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Period: to
C. I. T. E. S. Formed by IUCU
Endangered species protected from international trade. International trade between plants and animals does not threaten the wild life.
Resources:
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/international-affairs/convention-international-trade-endangered-species-wild-fauna-and#:~:text=CITES%20is%20an%20international%20agreement,their%20survival%20in%20the%20wild.
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Period: to
First Earth Summit-UN Conference on the human environment
Declaration of UN conference, action plan for the human environment. Environment fund established. Formation of Un Environment program. Earth summits planned at ten year intervals. First world conference to make the environment a major issue.
Resources:
https://www.un.org/en/conferences/environment/stockholm1972#:~:text=The%20first%20world%20conference%20on,the%20environment%20a%20major%20issue.
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Period: to 1972 BCE
The club of Rome
A report that discussed the possibly of economic and population growth. It was a warning of environmental disaster. Also so people could believe that society had to be a no growth society.
Resources:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/club-of-rome#:~:text=The%20Club%20of%20Rome%20report,priority%20everywhere%20in%20the%20world. -
Period: to
British Antarctic Survey Team detects ice sheets thinning and ozone hole
Public awareness of ozone depletion and risks of skin cancer. They found out because of the decline in spring ozone. The Antarctic was thicker a couple decades before so it had something to do with the ozone hole.
Resources:
https://www.ukri.org/news-and-events/responding-to-climate-change/topical-stories/the-story-behind-the-discovery-of-the-ozone-hole/#:~:text=A%20decline%20in%20spring%20ozone&text=The%20results%20were%20clear%3A%20since,had%20been%20in%20earlier%20decades.
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Period: to
Bhopal Disaster
Worlds worst industrial disaster. It was 45 tons of gas methyl isocyanate that escaped. The substandard operating and safety procedures at the understaffed plant led it.
Resources:
https://www.britannica.com/event/Bhopal-disaster
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Period: to
Sinking of the Rainbow Warrior
A code name, operation satanique. It was a terrorism bombing operation. It was led by French foreign intelligence agency. It was sabotaged by two explosive devices.
Resources:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow_Warrior_(1955)#:~:text=Rainbow%20Warrior%2C%20then%20captained%20by,French%20intelligence%20service%20(DGSE). -
Period: to
Chernobyl Distaster
A nuclear fallout that affected millions. One of the reactors at a nuclear power plant went out of control. That lead to an explosion and a fire that destroyed buildings and released a lot of radiation into the atmosphere.
Resources:
https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/focus/chernobyl/faqs#:~:text=What%20caused%20the%20Chernobyl%20accident,of%20radiation%20into%20the%20atmosphere.
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Period: to
Green awareness strengths
Environmentally friendly products, recycling, and ecotourism became popular. United Nations told the world about climate change and to reduce CO2 emissions worldwide.
Resources:
https://environmentalhistory.org/20th-century/nineties/#:~:text=1990%20%E2%80%94%20United%20Nations%20report%20on,Earth%20Day%20%E2%80%94%20140%20nations%20celebrate.
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Period: to
Johannesburg Earth Summit
Plans to globally improve: water and sanitation, energy supply issues, health, agricultural abuse and biodiversity reduction. To construct a sustainable future. It brought together heads of states and governments and more groups.
Resources:
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/milesstones/wssd#:~:text=Johannesburg%20Summit%202002%20%2D%20the%20World,the%20world's%20attention%20and%20direct
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