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Period: 1543 to
Scientific Revolution
The significance of this event was that it helps inspire people to stand up to general authority, This was important because it began the Enlightenment in France. Improved modern science, and changed the views of nature and reason. -
Galileo Galilei supports the heliocentric theory
The significance of Galileo supporting the heliocentric theory is that it helped inspire the people of England to stand against the Catholic Churches original teachings, and learn by themselves through other scientists. Due to the fact that the church believed in the geocentric theory, they were less credible leading people to believe they were wrong and instead people learned from Issac Newton or Galileo, through their books. -
Period: to
English Civil War
Parliament takes this opportunity to limit the King’s powers, so Charles tries to arrest them. Then in 1642-1649, the English Civil War breaks out, and Oliver Cromwell was able to defeat the King. In 1646 King Charles I was captured and imprisoned. -
Hobbes’s Leviathan is published
The significance of Thomas Hobbes's publishing the Leviathan book is that it argues for a social contract, along with rule by popular sovereignty. The leviathan was one of the earliest and most influential books regarding the social contract and led to the idea of becoming a reality. Also led to the theory of absolutism -
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Glorious Revolution
The Glorious revolution eventually leads to turning England into a constitutional monarchy where written laws limited the powers of the monarch, and eventually lead to the creation of the bill of rights. -
Locke’s Two Treatises on Government is published
The significance of the Two Treatises of Government by John Locke is it helped develop the natural rights that every man has and cannot be taken away from them. These rights were the right to life, liberty, and property. Using the state of nature Locke understood that without laws in place men would attack each other and possibly strip their natural rights. Locke believed that the purpose of government was to protect people’s rights. He said that all governments were based on social contact -
Period: to
Enlightenment
The Enlightenment caused a change in the world. Instead of following the Church or incompetent leaders like Louis XVI, the common people tried to change how the world worked. It found reason in religion and politics and also improved overall life in society. Important philosophies developed in the Enlightenment like natural law, social contact, absolutism, constitutional monarchy, and separation of powers. -
Diderot Publishes First Volumes of Encyclopedia
Denis Diderot was committed to spreading enlightenment ideas. he produced a large 28-volume encyclopedia that took him 20 years to complete. The Encyclopedia covered a wide range of topics including religion, government, the sciences, history, and the arts. Other philosophers used the Encyclopedia as a weapon in their fight against traditional ways. -
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Louis XVI’s reign
The reign of King Louis XVI was the last absolute ruler that France had and with his poor judgment and decision making, did things such as drain France’s budget putting them in enormous debt, only tax the third estate of France, which ultimately lead to his demise as well as the fall of absolute rulers in France. -
Lexington and Concord
The battle of Lexington and Concord started the revolutionary war, which led to freedom from Britain for America. Then America made a constitution. France also helped during the revolutionary war which inspired people to revolt. -
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American Revolution
After the American Revolution, France faced bankruptcy, due to its debt. The significance of the American Revolution is that it started a financial crisis in France which lead to inflammation and starvation, along with the downfall of King Louis XVI's reign. -
Declaration of Independence
The american declaration of indepenedence was important to frances history, because it helped inspire the DOROMAC, or the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizens. The DOROMAC was the document that the National Assembly had written and was a document stating all the rights that the government had given the citizens of France as well as some laws. -
National Assembly is formed in France
The National Assembly drafted the DOROMAC and was also the main factor in bringing down King Louis XVI. -
Tennis Court Oath
The Tennis Court Oath was made to ensure the National Assembly would finish writing their new constitution on June 20th, 1789. It declared that members of the National Assembly would stay in the tennis court until they finished writing the new constitution. -
Declaration of Rights of Man
Once the national assembly/and more members of the third estate had decided to make a compromise with King Louis XVI, they present this document to him and make him sign, therefore ending the absolute monarchy as well as granting the rights the third estate citizens wanted to them. -
Legislative Assembly is formed in France
The legislative assembly set up a limited monarchy in which they would make up all the laws. Which allowed all men to vote regardless of their social status. -
Bill of Rights signed
The Bill of Rights changed the power of the monarchs because it guaranteed all English people basic rights, for example, people had the right to a fair trial by jury and the right to freedom from cruel punishment. This means that based on the rights stated in the Bill, the people had more freedom, lessening the power of the leaders by not being able to punish his/her people. -
Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Women is published
A Vindication of the Rights of Women state that women should have the same/equal rights as men. This book inspired other women like Mary Wollstonecraft to start a women's rights movement. -
Execution of Louis XVI
Louis XVI was executed by a radical club known by Jacobins. A radical wanted extreme changes in the government (Robespierre was also a radical). Jean-paul Marat was one of their leaders and instigated violence through his writings. After a vote, the National Convection decided to execute both the king and the queen by guillotine. -
Period: to
Reign of Terror
The reign of terror created the committee of public safety, ruled by Robespierre. The goal of the reign of terror was to completely erase any trace of monarchy, and anyone who doesn't one-hundred percent agrees with what they're doing. This included the king, and queen, and 40,000 other people, and 85% of them were peasants (apart of the third estate). -
Execution of Marrie Antoinette
Marrie Antoinette was executed alongside her children because the Committee of Public Safety wanted to eliminate the royalist plot to put the royal family back on the throne. -
Napoleon’s coup
Napoleon's coup over through the rule of the directory. Which led to the rule of Napoleon. And the significance of this was that it was an effective end of the French revolution.