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  • Taiping rebellion begins against the authority of the QIng government

  • Gustave Flaubert publishes Madame Bovary, a classic novel of Realism

  • Dred Scott decision by the U.S. Supreme Court rules that people of African descent cannot become U.S. citizens

  • John Brown, an abolitionist, leads a raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, he is hanged for treason

  • Charles Darwin introduces theory of evolution in The Origin of the Species

  • Abraham Lincoln is elected president of the United States

  • Civil War begins in April with firing on Fort Sumter

  • Emily Dickinson's poem "Safe in their Alabaster Chambers" is published in the Massachusetts newspaper The Republican

  • Louis Pasteur proposes modern germ theory of disease

  • Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation

  • The Thirteenth Amendment, outlawing slavery, is added to the U.S. Constitution

  • President Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth

  • Lewis Carroll completes Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

  • The United States buys the state of Alaska from Russia

  • Leo Tolstoy publishes War and Peace

  • Claude Monet gathers Impressionist painters for first exhibition

  • Baseball's National League is founded

  • Thomas Edison patents the phonograph

  • First tennis championship held at Wimbledon

  • Railroads adopt standard time zones

  • The Brooklyn Bridge is opened

  • Mark Twain publishes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

  • Statue of Liberty dedicated in New York Harbor

  • Great mid-March blizzard in eastern United States piles 30 foot drifts in New York's Herald Square

  • Eiffel Tower is completed in Paris, becoming the world's tallest structure

  • Last major battle between U.S. troops and Native Americans fought at Wounded Knee, South Dakota

  • Ellis Island opens as a receiving center for immigrants

  • Sino-Japanese War begins, Japanese army defeats Chinese

  • Wilhelm Roentgen discovers X-rays

  • First professional football game played in Latrobe, Pennsylvania

  • The Country of the Painted Firs, Sarah Orne Jewetts's masterpiece is published

  • Pierre and Marie Curie discover radium and polonium

  • First transatlantic radio telegraph message is sent by Marconi

  • Jack London publishes The Call of The Wild

  • Wright Brothers fly 852 feet in their airplane at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina

  • Pablo Picasso paints the Old Guitarist

  • W.E.B. DuBois publishes The Souls of Black Folk

  • Russo-Japanese War begins

  • Albert Einstein proposes his relativity theory

  • The San Fransico earthquake results in the deaths of at least 3,000 people

  • Women's suffrage is granted

  • Frank Lloyd Wright hosts his first solo exhibition at the Art Institute of Chicago

  • Henry Ford builds the first Model T

  • The electric washing machine is invented

  • A multi-racial group o activists founds the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

  • Over 1.500 people die in the sinking of the Titanic

  • Willa Cather publishes O Pioneers!

  • The world's first scheduled airline service begins taking flight from St. Petersburg to Tampa