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End of Tudor Monarchs (1603)
Elizabeth I died in 1603 ending her line, she had no heirs (Virgin Queen). Parliament needed to look for the next available heir to the throne -
A New Line Of Monarchs (1603)
Parliament found a new heir in James IV, the king of Scotland. But he was catholic whereas Parliament is Anglican. So he became James I begging the Stuart line of monarchs. He also believed in the Divine Rights of Monarchs, God chose him to be the rightful ruler. -
Charles I Comes Next in Line (1625)
Was the son of James I so he was Catholic. But he was too Catholic to the point where parliament wouldn't get along with him. All the faults the previous king had he managed to make it worse along with losing the war against Spain which was his final strike. -
Parliament's disputes with the king
Parliament already didn't get along with Charles I since he was catholic and they were Anglican. But once when the king called upon parliament he was angered by their behavior and refused to call upon them again for 11 years. Parliament wanted to pass resolutions and for their pleas to be heard so that day they forced others to listen to them but in the end, the king adjourned them. -
Charles realigns himself with parliament
After he was involved with the French and the Spanish he lost the war and needed to raise money to pay debts. Along with that the scots turned against him as well and began to rebel. So Charles needed parliament's assistance and their help to raise money. After 11 years of not calling upon them. -
Parliament is summoned once again
When they were summoned parliament already had many grievances with the king and accumulated power throughout the years and made the king listen to their commands. -
Parliament's defiance against the king
In march of 1642 parliament defied King Charles I, he was not supported by purists so he was angered when parliament sent them away before he could deal with them. He tried retrieving them but London itself was rebelling against him and didn't aid him. -
Battle of Edgehill
Was the first official battle between Parliament and Charles I which showed both sides' flaws. Parliament was weak compared to Charles I, but he wasn't able to win over London. -
The War Begins
In the summer of 1642 parliament feared what Charles's would do to them for defying him, they feared he would turn to the army for assistance. So parliament tried interfering between them so they would be reporting to them instead. So when the king found out the war began since half of the army was loyal to the other side. -
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English Civil War
The transition between the monarch Charles the I to Oliver Cromwell who wasn't a monarch but a member of Parliament.
Since Charles was too catholic, had many faults throughout his ruling, and didn't get along with parliament the latter turned against him. They raised an army, charged the king with treason, and had him beheaded. Oliver Cromwell who led the army became the "lord protector" of England, converting it into a military state. -
Battle of Marston Moor
The Scottish invaded England again and the army was led by Oliver Cromwell, they went against a royalist army in support of the king. This war brought a new calamity. -
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Parliament gains victory
The battle of Naseby was the final acknowledge win for Parliament in the war. The year after the Scotts turned in the king and now parliament had truly won and captured the king -
The execution of Charles I
Charles I was beheaded and trialed with treason for siding with the Scottish and for being too catholic for parliament. -
Oliver Cromwell
Was the one who led an army against Charles I and became the Lord Protector" and protected him. But he turned England into a military state after he surpassed the previous king after his execution -
Richard Cromwell
Was the son of Oliver Cromwell, he was to become the "Lord Protector" but he was unfit for the role. Parliament decided that it would be better to replace him with Charles I -
Charles II ascension to the throne
He was the son of the first Charles, so he was another member of the Stuart line. He was able to manipulate and gain parliament's trust. He was a catholic and was married but had no legitimate children from his wife. -
James II
Since Charles II had no legitimate heirs the role of the king went to James II who was his brother. But he wouldn't get along with parliament since he was very Catholic. Soon he would be replaced after the Glorious Revolution. -
The Glorious Revolution
The transition between getting rid of James II to William III and Mary II is the Glorious Revolution. Parliament in need of a King asked William of Orange (III) who was dutch to "invade" England so he could rule. They had someone in the family who was next in line but that person was a woman, Mary II, so they had to marry her off. Both would rule side by side since Mary was still the ruler of England.
