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Egyptian Pharaohs

By LaceyLou*
  • Period: 2686 BCE to 2649 BCE

    Djoser

    The founder of the Old Kingdom, Djoser, was a pharaoh of the ninth dynasty. He reigned between 2630 BC and 2611 BC and is best known for his contribution to the construction of the famous limestone Step Pyramid at Saqqara. The monument is an example of great technological innovation. The pyramid was made to protect the tomb of Pharaoh Djoser and it was created by stacking up huge limestone blocks in the mastaba fashion. The stones have inscriptions engraved on them.
  • Period: 2589 BCE to 2566 BCE

    Khufu

    The second pharaoh of the fourth dynasty, Khufu, was also known as Khnum Khufu. He belonged to the Old Kingdom and reigned from about 2589 BC to 2566 BC. There are not many historical texts describing Khufu's reign but his greatest contribution to Egyptian civilization was the Great Pyramid of Giza. It is the oldest and largest of all the pyramids present at the Giza complex. Its remarkable architecture speaks for the impeccable construction techniques that were being used in ancient Egypt.
  • Period: 1507 BCE to 1458 BCE

    Hatshepsut

    Hatshepsut bags the title of the ruler of the most successful female pharaoh to ascend the throne of Egypt. As a wife, daughter, and sister of a king, Hatshepsut not only shared the royal bloodline but also inherited the art of ruling from her royal family. Hatshepsut took over the throne and reigned for over 21 years. She accomplished a lot more than many other pharaohs could have done during their reign. From initiating countless construction projects to establishing routes for foreign trade.
  • Period: 1481 BCE to 1425 BCE

    Thutmose lll

    Thutmose was the heir to the 18th dynasty of Egypt and the stepson of the previous pharaoh Hatshepsut. Being the only son of Thutmose ll, he was supposed to take over the throne after his death, but he was only two years old at the time so his stepmother Hatshepsut ascended the throne while he became her co-regent. His reign lasted for 54 years and he died at the early age of 56, but his contribution to Egyptian civilization is still considered as one of the greatest.
  • Period: 1391 BCE to 1353 BCE

    Amenhotep lll

    Amenhotep's rule is remembered as one of artistic glory and prosperity. He was the ninth pharaoh of the 18th dynasty whose reign lasted from 1391 BC to 1353 BC. He had a large impact on the economy of Egypt which blossomed under his reign thanks to the healthy trade relations at this time. He contributed a great deal to the field of art by building many monuments, statues, and stone scarabs that are still in good condition today. Many texts were found engraved on these scarabs during excavation.
  • Period: 1380 BCE to 1334 BCE

    Akhenaten

    Akhenaten, also known as Amenhotep lV, was an ancient pharaoh of the 18th dynasty. His reign lasted from 1353 BC to 1336 BC and was not much enjoyed by his people due to the unpopular reformations that took place. The Egyptians had been used to worshiping a large number of deities, but Akhenaten tried to change this religious tradition to monotheism, or the worship of only one god. This god was Aten, a kind of solar deity related to the god Ra. The people and future pharaohs were so upset.
  • Period: 1341 BCE to 1353 BCE

    Tutankhamun

    The most famous pharaoh of all time is King Tutankhamun. He ascended the throne at the tender age of nine or ten but
  • Period: 1303 BCE to 1213 BCE

    Ramesses ll

    Ramesses ll was the third pharaoh of the 19th dynasty and one of the greatest pharaohs of the New Kingdom of Egypt. Egyptians often called him "the Great Ancestor." Ramesses is said to have a victorious military career that highly benefited the kingdom. He led several military expeditions and conquered many enemies like the Hittites, Syians, and Nubians. He built an extensive amount of monuments spread all over Egypt that are now a proud part of Egyptian heritage. He died at the age of 90.
  • Period: 519 BCE to 465 BCE

    Xerxes l

    Xerxes l, more commonly known as Xerxes the Great was the fifth king of the Persian Achaemenid dynasty. He was the son of Darius the Great and his reign lasted from 486 BC to 465 BC. He is well known in history for his attempted invasion of Greece in the battle of Thermopylae. Later in the same year, he was defeated at the Battle of Salamis which led him to flee his kingdom. He is known as both a Persian ruler and a pharaoh as when he ruled Egypt it was also a part of the Persian Empire.
  • Period: 69 BCE to 30 BCE

    Cleopatra Vll

    Cleopatra Vll or Cleopatra Philopator was the last pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Kingdom. She was not a native Egyptian but the daughter of the Macedonian general Ptolemy l Soter. He reign lasted from 51 BC to 30 BC during which she proved herself to be an eminent leader. She was smart and competent emperor but at the age of 39, she commited suicide, though by what means is still unproven. Egypt's last ruling pharaoh has a great influence on literature and many more things being made about her life.