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1569
Phonics
Phonics: a method of teaching people to read by correlating sounds with letters or groups of letters in an alphabetic writing system. John Hart known for proposing "first truly phonological scheme" 1569. Phonetic approach (Rome) can be traced back to 'New England Primer' pub. 1690. Mid 1800s, serious challenge against dominate phonetic method of reading. Phonics instruction teaches the relationships between the letters of written language and the sounds of spoken language. -
Lev Vygotsky
Russian and Soviet Psychologist.
Born 1896, Died 1934.
Believed cognitive development is influenced by cultural and social factors. He also believed that children who interacted with more skilled adults and/or peers helps to learn tools to adapt and be successful. -
Jean Piaget
Swiss Psychologist
Born 1896, Died 1980
Children go through 4 stages of cognitive development: Sensorimotor (b-2), Pre-operational (2-7), Concrete operational(7-11), Formal operational(12+).
Teaching needs to be student-centered learning, formative assessment, active learning, discovery learning, and peer interaction. -
Balanced Literacy Approach
Balanced literacy first originated in California in 1996. Balanced literacy is a teaching method for reading and writing that combines various elements to promote literacy development. Ex. elements of whole lang. and phonics. -
No Child Left Behind Act
Was the main law for K–12 general education in the United States from 2002–2015.
Held schools accountable for how kids achieved.
Goal was to provide more education opportunities for kids.
George W. Bush signed the act in 2002. -
Every Student Succeed Acts
Main goal was to provide all children opportunity to fair, equitable, and high-quality education.
Barack Obama signed the act into law in 2015.