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1497
Newfoundland discovered by John Cabot
Cabot explored the area and discovered Newfoundland. The waters in the area were rich in fish. This led to fishermen filling the area to fish. Thus satisfying Europe's need for fish. -
Period: to
French regime
The French regime began when Quebec, the first lasting establishment of the French colony. Mercantilism is in place. -
Destruction of Huronia
The French lose their connection to the Algonquion fur supply and must go directly to the territory now that the Huron-Wendats no longer can. -
The Chemin du Roy is completed
This road connected Montreal to Quebec along the north shore. -
Period: to
War of the conquest
The Conquest was the British military conquest of New France during the French and Indian War, also known as the Seven Years' War. -
Period: to
British Rule
The Treaty of Paris was signed and Canada then belonged to the United Kingdom. This was after the Battle of the Plains of Abraham. Protectionism is enforced. -
Continental Blockade by Napoleon
Great Britain turned to Lower Canada for timber experts since their access to Europe was blocked. -
Hudson's Bay and Northwest companies merge
The decreased demand for furs in Europe caused the two companies to merge together. The name "Hudson's Bay" was kept. The two were encouraged by the British government to do so. -
Lachine canal construction
The canal would facilitate the circulation of steamboats in an unnavigable waterway. As well as to reduce the cost of exports and facilitate trade. -
Agricultural crisis begins
Canadians resorted to subsistence farming and thousands left to work in cities. Wheat needed to be imported. -
Great Trunk Railroad is built
The railroad links Sarnia, Ontario to Montreal and Riviere-du-Loup. It also goes to Toronto, Quebec, Richmond, and Portland. It allows Montreal to access the sea all year long, among other things. -
Period: to
Reciprocity Treaty
This treaty was signed in 1854 and lasted 10 years. It was a free trade agreement between the United Kingdom (which included the province of Canada) and the United States. -
Start of Contemporary Period
New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and the United Canadas (Ontario & Quebec) form the Dominion of Canada and the Contemporary period begins continuing to today. -
New Brunswick and Nova Scotia join the Canadian federation
These colonies joined to expand Canada and the Canadian Pacific Railway. Their union with Quebec and Ontario promoted the industrial development of the market. -
Period: to
Economic crisis
This period is referred to as the Long Depression because of the many businesses, banks, and railroads that went bankrupt, as well as the high unemployment rate that followed. -
Caisses populaires Desjardins is Founded
Alphonse Desjardins created a cooperative society. They encouraged farmers and workers to save which supported the economic development. -
Period: to
The Great Depression
Was the consequence of the stock market crash in the US in 1929. It caused factories to close, companies to go bankrupt and jobs to be lost. The unemployement rate increased dramatically. -
Colonization of Abitibi
Its economy is based on resource extraction industries. Such as logging, mining, as well as agriculture. 1 in 6 people work in the primary sector. -
Bank of Canada is created
Created by the federal government, the bank is to gove them better control over the economy, -
l'Office du credit agricole is created by the Government of Quebec
Farmers are granted mortgage loans at low-interest rates -
Period: to
World War II
The war put an end to the period of depression. Canada furnished its allies in the war with weapons, airplanes, ships, iron, steel, tools, chemical products and more. Products were rationed and soldiers sent to Europe assured full employment. -
Opening of the St - Lawrence seaway
These seaways allow safe access to the network of canals. This way the boats can avoid rapids and waterfalls and the different variations in water levels. Creating the seaways had negative consequences as well, people were forced to leave their homes. Roads and railway tracks were destroyed. -
Period: to
Quiet Revolution
This Revolution was when the Government of Quebec finally intervened in the economy and created state corporations. -
Nationalization of electricity
Hydroelectricity became Quebec's energy source. Starting in1963 the government ran Hydro-Quebec making it a monopoly. -
North American Free Trade Agreement signed
or NAFTA is an agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico which permits free circulation of goods between them.
