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45,001 BCE
Earth is Formed (4.5 BYA)
based off of the Absolute Radiometric Ages data, the earth is about 4.42 billion years old.
Picture:https://bgr.com/2018/09/25/polar-motion-wobble-global-warming-climate-change/ -
45,000 BCE
Core Formation (4.5 BYA)
Heated molten material (lava) separated into layers. The denser material as pulled to the center by gravity. Earth's core is made up of mostly iron. Earth's crust is mostly lighter materials. Earths mantel, which is between the core and crust, is made up of solid rock.
Photo: https://www.icr.org/article/secular-scientists-earths-inner-core -
44,500 BCE
The Formation of Mars (4.45 BYA)
According to the Absolute Ratiometric Ages Data Chart, Mars emerged 4.45 years ago, about the same time as Earth.
Picture:https://science.howstuffworks.com/mars.htm -
44,300 BCE
The Moon is Formed (4.43 BYA)
An asteroid the size of Mars collided with Earth, the debris from this collision was thrown into orbit. Over time this debris smashed together and formed the moon.
https://www.ck12.org/earth-science/formation-of-earth/lesson/Formation-of-Earth-MS-ES/?referrer=concept_details -
44,200 BCE
The Earth Begins to Cool (4.42 BYA)
Based on uranium dating from Absolute Radiometric Ages Data Chart, the Earth began to cool 4.4 billion years ago. Zircon crystals dating back to 4.4BYA further scientist beliefs that the Earth had formed/ was forming a crust at this time.
https://www.wired.com/story/35-billion-year-old-fossils-challenge-ideas-about-earths-start/
Picture: https://scitechdaily.com/earths-continental-crust-growth-rate-has-decreased/ -
44,000 BCE
Earths Crust Emerges (4.4 BYA)
The oldest knows part of the Earths crust is about 4.4 billion years old. This continental crust was found in Jack Hills.
Source: https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/crust/
Photo: https://www.shutterstock.com/search/earth+crust?studio=1 -
40,000 BCE
Earth's Atmosphere Emerges (4 BYA)
The planet cooled, creating a solid crust. As Earth continued to cool, volcanoes released gases that formed the atmosphere. Earths early atmosphere contained ammonia, methane, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of oxygen.
https://www.britannica.com/science/Hadean-Eon
https://www.ck12.org/biology/formation-of-earth-in-biology/lesson/How-Earth-Formed-BIO/?referrer=concept_details
Picture:https://www.physicsoftheuniverse.com/topics_life_early.html -
38,000 BCE
End of the Heavy Bombardment (3.8 BYA)
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38,000 BCE
The Oceans Emerge (3.8 BYA)
"Over vast periods of time, our primitive oceans formed. Water remained a gas until the Earth cooled below 212 degrees Fahrenheit. At this time, about 3.8 billion years ago, the water condensed into rain which filled the basins that are now our oceans."
https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/why_oceans.html
Photo: https://bgr.com/2017/12/28/ocean-whirlpools-eddies-transport-sea-creatures-hundreds-of-miles/ -
37,900 BCE
Life Appears on Earth (3.79 BYA)
Chimnies formed and spewed minerals in the water. Chemicals from meteorites that had previously landed on earth mixed with the minerals and developed micro-organism
Photo:https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080710094033.htm
Source:https://www.wired.com/story/35-billion-year-old-fossils-challenge-ideas-about-earths-start/ -
36,500 BCE
Earth Formation Without Jack Hills (3.95 BYA)
Based on the Absolute Radiometric Ages data, if we were to exclude the data from Jack Hills, the age of Earth would only be 3.95 billion years old.
Source: Absolute Radiometric Ages datasheet
Photo: https://www.unitism.com/land/en/7-earth-our-home -
5400 BCE
Paleozoic Era (540 MYA)
540 million years ago marked the beginning of the Paleozoic era. Within the Paleozoic era was the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, devonian, carboniferous, and Permian periods.
Source:https://www.britannica.com/science/Hadean-Eon -
5000 BCE
Continents on Collision Course on Collision Course (500 MYA)
The land masses that would later be North America and Africa are on a collision course.
Source: Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics of textbook
Photo: Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics of textbook -
3900 BCE
Appalachian Mountain Formation (390 MYA)
The continents that would be North America and Africa collide. The collision causes the crust between them to buckle and fold, which created the Appalachian mountains.
Source: Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics of textbook
Photo: Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics of textbook -
2700 BCE
Oldest Oceanic Crust (270 MYA)
Due to subduction, the ocean crust is significantly younger than continental crust. The oldest known oceanic crust is located in the Ionian sea.
Source:https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/crust/
Photo: -
2500 BCE
Mesozoic Era (250 MYA)
The Mesozoic, also known as the Age of Reptiles, the era began 250 million years ago as the Paleozoic era ended. The Mesozoic era was home to Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods. These geological periods popular for the creature that lived on the planet and that time, dinosaurs.
Source: https://www.britannica.com/science/Hadean-Eon -
2450 BCE
Formation of Pangea (245 MYA)
Pangea was the largest continent to ever exits on earth. It was surrounded by the Panthalassa sea. Some of the earliest dinosaurs roamed the continent.
Source: Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics of textbook
Photo:http://www.geologypage.com/2016/01/coal-formation-linked-to-assembly-of-supercontinent-pangea.html -
1800 BCE
Continental Drift (180 MYA)
By this time, Pangea began separating into 2 large pieces, Laurasia and Gondwana.
Source: Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics of textbook
Photo:https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Laurasia-Gondwana-fr.svg -
650 BCE
Laurasia and Gondwana Separate (65 MYA)
Laurasia and Gondwana separate into six continents, resembling those of today. Austalia had still been connected to Antartica, and India was drifting alone in the ocean.
Source: Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics of textbook
Photo:https://extension.illinois.edu/animals/65million.cfm -
650 BCE
Cenozoic Era (65 MYA)
145 million years ago marked the end of the Mesozoic era and the beginning of the Cenozoic era. Within the Cenozoic era were the Paleogene, Neogene, and Quarternary period.
Source: https://www.britannica.com/science/Hadean-Eon
