-
Jan 1, 1483
Martin Luther
Translated the Bible from Latin to vernacular language, allowing people to be educated in in their own language. This contributed to Universal education, public support of education, teaching of reading to all children and adult literacy. -
John Locke
Said children are born as blank tablets. He believed children's experiences determine who they are. Experiences are the basis of all learning. This contributed to the belief that learning should begin early and children learn what they are taught. -
Johann Pestalozzi
Advocated that education should follow the course of nature. And believed that education is based on sensory impressions. This influenced the use of natural approaches to education and family centered approaches to early childhood education. -
Robert Owen
Believed that environment determines childrens beliefs, behaviors and achievements. Also belived that society can shape children's character. This contributed to the importance of infant programs, education that can counteract children's poor environment and early childhood education that can reform society. -
Maria Montessori
Maria Montessori created the montessori method for education young children. This method provided learning materials to meet the needs of young children and sensory based materials that are self correcting. This contributed to a large number of public and private schools that emphasize her approach, methods and materials. -
Vygotsky
Socioculture theory, which emphasizes importance of interpersonal relationships in social and cognitive development. Communication between teachers and students can act as a means of scaffolding to higher levels of learning. This all contributed to the use of scaffolding techniques to help children learn and use of cooperative learning and other forms social learning. -
Erik Erikson
Believed that life is a series of eight stages with each stage representing a critical period in social development. How parents and teachers interact with and care for children helps determine their emotional and cognitive development. This contributed to the belief that play supports children's social and cognitive development. -
Howard Gardner
Howard Gardner believed intelligence consists of nine abilities. Intelligence is not a single broad ability, but rather a set of abilities. This influenced teachers to develop programs and curicula to match children's particular intelligences.