-
The Theory of Cells
The current theory of how living organisms form is explained by Spontaneous Generation. -
Robert Hooke
Robert Hooke, the English father of microscopy, re-confirmed Antony van Leeuwenhoek's discoveries of the existence of tiny living organisms found under the microscope in a drop of water. Hooke made a copy of Leeunwenhoek's microscope and used it to confirm other observations reported by Leeunwenhoek and to improve upon his design. -
Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek sees blood cells and describes the cell
The Dutch scientist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, commonly known as “the Father of Microbiology”, was one of the first microscopists in history. He committed himself to the discovery and research related to the thus-far invisible world of biology, notable among them the discovery of protozoa and the first-ever description of red blood cell. -
Body full of cells
Luigi Galvani, Kaspar Friedrich Wolff, and others find more evidence that the human body is full of cells -
Abraham Trembley
Abraham Trembley observed bacteria replicate by dividing in a process known as binary fission
How: Developed methods to keep bacteria alive and observed them under a microscope -
Questions
1800s
Questions which persist:
1.How are cells formed?
2.How do cell communicate if at all?
3.What do cells contain?
4.Were all tissues composed of cells? -
François-Vincent Raspail
François-Vincent Raspail Proposed that all cells form from other cells
Technology: Microscope -
Robert Brown
Brown focused much of his energy on the process of fertilization in plants, and chose the cells of Asclepiads and orchids to further his study. In them Brown noticed pollen traveling in and out of ovals in their cells. He termed this oval the nucelus. Brown first expressed his observations in an 1831 speech, and published them in a paper two years later. His statements suggested the nucleus played a key role in fertilization and development of the embryo in plants. -
Theodor Schwann
Theodor Schwann Theorizes that All Living Things are Made of Cells. -
Robert Remak
Robert Remak Identifies the Cell Membrane in Cell Division -
Rudolf Virchow
Rudolf Virchow endorses cell division and its role in pathology
Why: To advocate and popularize the theory that all cells form from other cells -
Camillo Golgi
Camillo Golgi discovers the Golgi apparatus
How: Golgi invented a method of staining by hardening nervous cells in potassium bichromate and then impregnating the sample with silver nitrate. The resultant reaction, known as the black reaction allowed him to see the Golgi apparatus under the microscope. -
License plates
New York State becomes the first to require automobile license plates. -
Bomb
A bomb explodes at the Los Angeles Times building, leaving 21 dead and several injured James B. McNamara and John Joseph McNamara are later arrested and sentenced. -
Empire Building
Empire State Building opens in New York City.
