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John Rollo
He was a surgeon general who treated a patient by putting them on a diet and restricting what their intake of food was. -
Claude Bernard
He was trained as a pharmacist and was a key figure in discovering that the liver was able to store glycogen and secrete a substance that contained sugar into the blood, which he thought was the process of diabetes. He also discovered if the brain stem was pricked in a conscious animal that it would result in them having temporary diabetes. -
Von Mering
He was a German physician who discovered that if the pancreas was removed, then diabetes would result. -
1900
Make sure to take daily alkaline sponge bath applied with vigorous friction, consume sugar of lead to restrict flow of urine but if that doesn’t work then creosote or clear opium is prescribed, diet should consist of meats, and drink very little. -
Treatment Given
Make sure to take daily alkaline sponge bath applied with vigorous friction, consume sugar of lead to restrict flow of urine but if that doesn’t work then creosote or clear opium is prescribed, diet should consist of meats, and drink very little. -
Discovery of Insulin
Frederick Banting was determined he could find an anti-diabetic substance after attaining knowledge of how the pancreas and diabetes associate with one another. A professor of physiology (J.J.R. Macloud), a yound medical student (Charles Best), and a professor of biochemistry (J.B. Collip) all helped to test on dogs the effects of diabetes and pancreas extraction. -
First Patient to Receive Insulin
Banting and Best made insulin that was given to a a 14 year old boy that made him the first human patient to receive insulin. -
Insulin Modified By Collip
After the failure of insulin produced by Banting and Best on January 11th, Collip was able to make purified injections given on the 23rd. The insulin was a success and caused the patient's blood glucose levels to drop. The news spread all over the world. -
Spread of Insulin
Eli Lilly was a successful person when manufacturing insulin. The team from Toronto struggled in manufacturing and by the middle of July in 1922, there was a shortage of it. By the end of 1923, the product was shipped by Eli and was produced and used to treat diabetes in western countries. -
Crystallized Insulin
J.J. Abel crystallized insulin in 1926. He received the Nobel Prize in 1955. -
The First Insulin
The first was a quick and short acting "soluble" insulin that was meant for being injected 2 times a day. It was known that there was a need for an insulin that lasted longer so in 1936, protamine zinc insulin was made. -
Treatment Given
Blood sugar will be stabilized with insulin, then go on a diet that consists of 80 grams of protein, 80 grams of fat, and 160 grams of carbs. Person will be able to conduct urine tests and inject insulin on themselves. -
Lente Insulins Introduced
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Improvement of Diabetes
Solomon Berson and Rosalind Yalow were able to improve the scientific investigation of diabetes so that small concentrations of the insulin could be measured much better and consistently. Yalow later received the Nobel Prize for how their work has helped endocrinology. -
Treatment Given
Insulin and fluids will be given and the body’s levels of glucose, potassium, and electrolytes are to be monitored. Injections of insulin will be needed daily, as well as monitoring of the body, maintaining a restrictive diet, and visiting an opthamologist for getting the eyes checked regularly is recommended.
