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More than 1000 years ago, the abnormal appetite & collapse of sexual functions, and identification of sweet taste of urine were recognized by a Persian physician.
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In the middle age, Thomas Willis associated the sweet taste of urine with diabetes mellitus taste like honey.
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Oscar Minkowski linked diabetes to pancreatic functions by testing the effects of removal of the pancreas from dogs.
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A pancreatic extract, insulin, as the key molecule that restored function.
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Insulin was used in clinical treatment and successfully treated a little boy who was dying of diabetes.
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Diabetes lay the foundation for the first synthetic production of insulin.
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Insulin can be produced in large quantities instead of relying on crude isolation of insulin from animals.
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Even though the treatment has made great progress, the incidence rate of diabetes is still increasing, which is still a modern problem.