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Born
Born on this day -
Newborn reflexes
1) Root Reflex ( helps them understand where a touch or feeling is coming from)
2) Suck Reflex ( Helps them eat)
3) Moro Reflex ( Reflex for loud noises)
4) Tonic Neck Reflex ( Reflex for arm position when laying on side)
5) Grasp Reflex ( For grabbing And grasping things )
6) Babinski Reflex ( Ticklish on feet relfex)
7) Step Reflex ( Moving legs in a walking movement when placed on solid surface)
8) Swimming ( Infants know how to swim when they are newborns)
9) Blinking (Protects infants eyes) -
Tonic Neck Reflex and Grasp Reflex end
At 3-4 months, the Tonic Neck Reflex ends -
Hearing
(Two months)
Startle when they hear loud or sudden noises
Can be quieted by a familiar friendly voice
Prefer complex sounds
They can dstinguish some sound patterns
Listen longer to human speech than to non-speech sounds
Turn eyes and head in the general direction of a sound -
Vision
(Two months)
Babies can follow things that are moving slowly
Eyes will wander and occasionally cross
They prefer black and white and high contrast patterns
Prefer the human face
Prefer parent's face over others
Turn eyes and head to look at light source -
Touch
(Two months)
Can respond to touch and pain
Able to feel different objects and surfaces
Prefer soft to coarse sensations
Dislike rough or abrupt handling
Touch, especially skin to skin contact, decreases infant’s stress -
Taste and Smell
(Two months)
They can recognize the scent of their mother’s breastmilk
Prefer the scent of human milk
Distinguish odors and prefer those of
sweet-tasting foods
Avoid bitter and acidic smells
Distinguish sweet, sour, and bitter tastes and babies
prefer sweetness -
Language
(Two months)
Have different cries
Have a variety of sounds
Laughs -
Physical movement
(Two months)
Lift head
Hold head up when held at caregiver’s shoulder
Raise head when lying on back
Bring hands together
Hold hands together -
Swimming knowledge ends
At 4-6 months babies lose the ability to swim if they it was not practiced -
Language
(Four months)
Make sounds when looking at toys or people
Responds to caregiver by making sounds
Blow bubbles, sputter loudly
Make simple vocalizations containing mostly vowel, but sometimes a number of consonants -
Physical Movement
(Four months)
Play with hands at midline of body
Bring hand to mouth
Suck fingers and fists
Take swipes at dangling objects with hands
Grasp and shake hand toys
Reach for an object when supported in a sitting position
Hold an object briefly when placed in hand
Use ulnar grasp when reaching -
Moro Reflex ends
At 5-6 months the Moro relfex ends -
Hearing
(Six months)
They respond to speech sounds by stopping to play and becoming quiet
Turn head toward either side to locate a source of sound
Brighten to sound, especially to someone's voices
Can distinguish musical tunes
Identify location of a sound
Become sensitive to syllable stress patterns in own language -
Vision
(Six Months)
Turn head from side to side to follow a toy
Glance from one object to another
Prefer more complex pattern
20/20 vision reached
Eyes track moving objects with increasing skill -
Touch
(Six Months)
Explore most objects with their mouth
Enjoy touch and being touched -
Physical Movement
(Six months)
Use hands to reach, grasp, bang, and splash
Bring hands or toy to mouth
Shake objects
Reach with one hand
Use raking grasp (not pincer) using all fingers
Hold onto toys or objects
Pat and pull at your hair, glasses, and face -
Language
(Six months)
Turn head and look in direction of a new sound
Respond to own name
Seem to respond to some words
Recognize and prefer caregivers voice
Listen and look at caregiver’s face when he or she speaks
Smiles and laughs in response to caregiver’s smiles and laughter
Make sounds while caregiver is
talking to him
Vocalize pleasure and displeasure
Imitate cough or other sound
Babble, using a variety of sounds
Babble chains of consonants sounds and repeat syllables -
Hearing
(Nine Months)
Respond to soft levels of speech and other sounds
Temporarily stop action in response to “no”
Babble using a variety of repeated consonant-vowel combinations
Can change pitch of voice -
Vision
(Nine Months)
Notice small items
Show interest in pictures
Recognize partially hidden objects
Have developed depth perception -
Language
(Nine months)
Turn to look for a source of sound
Respond to telephone ringing or a knock on the door
Understand short instructions
Babble a series of different sounds
Make sounds and/or gestures to
get attention or help.
Imitate speech sounds -
Physical Movement
(Nine months)
Sit without support for a few minutes
Attempt to move by crawling
Stand with support, when helped into standing position
Control their upper body and arms
Lunge forward to grab toy
Pass an object from one hand to the other
Pick up small items using thumb and pointer finger
Bang two objects together
Use hands and mouth to explore an object
Throw and drop objects
Pounce on moving toys -
Babinski Reflex ends
At 8-12 months the Babinski reflex ends -
Language
(1 year)
Increasing attention to speech
Look at person saying their name
Understand simple requests and questions
Use simple gestures, such as shaking head
for “no” and wave “bye-bye”
Combine sounds together as though talking
Take turns making sounds with you
Use exclamations
Consistently use 3 or more words
Show interest in simple picture books -
Physical Movement
(1 year)
Get up into a sitting position from lying down
Crawl
Creep on hands and knees
Get from sitting to crawling
Pull up to stand at furniture
Walk holding onto hands or furniture
Stand momentarily without support
May take two or three steps without support
Start to climb stairs/steps or furniture
Put objects into container
Take things out of containers
Let objects go voluntarily
Pick up small items using tips
of thumb and first finger
Push a toy
Take off socks