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Arts and Crafts movement
Also known as the Mission style
Challenged the tastes of the Victorian era
The style of decoration, significant of medieval times.
The movement placed a high importance on the quality of craftsmanship while emphasizing the importance for the arts to contribute to monetary change.
It emerged from the attempt to reform design and decoration
It was a reaction against a perceived decline in standards that the reformers associated with machinery and factory production. -
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Impressionism
Characterized by small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time). -
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Art Nouveau
Between about 1890 and 1910 and flourished throughout Europe and the United States.
It is characterized by its use of a long, sinuous, organic line and was employed most often in architecture, interior design, jewelry and glass design, posters, and illustration. -
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Modernism
Both a philosophical movement and an art movement that, along with cultural trends and changes, arose from wide-scale and far-reaching transformations in Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. -
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Art Deco
A movement in the decorative arts and architecture that originated in the 1920s and developed into a major style in western Europe and the United States during the 1930s.
Art Deco design represented modernism turned into fashion. -
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Expressionism
Expressionist art tried to convey emotion and meaning rather than reality.
Each artist had their own unique way of "expressing" their emotions in their art.
In order to express emotion, the subjects are often distorted or exaggerated.
At the same time colors are often vivid and shocking -
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Cubism
Avant-garde art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture.
Cubism has been considered the most influential art movement of the 20th century.
The impact of Cubism was far-reaching and wide-ranging.
In other countries Futurism, Suprematism, Dada, Constructivism, De Stijl and Art Deco developed in response to Cubism. -
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Dada
Dada was an artistic and literary movement that began in Zürich, Switzerland.
It arose as a reaction to World War I and the nationalism that many thought had led to the war.
Influenced by other avant-garde movements - Cubism, Futurism, Constructivism, and Expressionism - its output was wildly diverse, ranging from performance art to poetry, photography, sculpture, painting, and collage. -
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De Stijl
The De Stijl Design Movement (also known as Neoplasticism) originated in Holland in 1917.
De Stijl promoted a style of design based on a limit range of colours (primary colors, red, yellow, and blue), used in conjunction with a combination of horizontal and vertical lines. -
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Bauhus
“construction house”—originated as a German school of the arts in the early 20th century.
Founded by Walter Gropius, the school eventually morphed into its own modern art movement characterized by its unique approach to architecture and design. -
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Surrrealism
Founded by the poet André Breton in Paris in 1924, Surrealism was an artistic and literary movement.
It proposed that the Enlightenment—the influential 17th- and 18th-century intellectual movement that championed reason and individualism—had suppressed the superior qualities of the irrational, unconscious mind. -
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Abstract art
The Abstract Art movement took place in the United States.
In its purest form, Abstract Art has no subject.
It is just lines, shapes, and colors.
The Abstract Art movement is called Abstract Expressionism because, although the art has no subject, it is still trying to convey some kind of emotion. -
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Contemporary
Contemporary artists work in a globally influenced, culturally diverse, and technologically advancing world.
Their art is a dynamic combination of materials, methods, concepts, and subjects that continue the challenging of boundaries that was already well underway in the 20th century. -
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Pop Art
Pop art is an art movement that emerged in the United Kingdom and the United States during the mid- to late-1950s.
The movement presented a challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular and mass culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects. -
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Postmodernism
Postmodernism was a reaction against modernism.
Modernism was generally based on idealism and a utopian vision of human life and society and a belief in progress.
While the modernists championed clarity and simplicity; postmodernism embraced complex and often contradictory layers of meaning. -
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Op art
A form of abstract art (specifically non-objective art) which relies on optical illusions in order to fool the eye of the viewer.
A form of kinetic art, it relates to geometric designs that create feelings of movement or vibration. -
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Minimilism
A school of abstract painting and sculpture that emphasizes extreme simplification of form, as by the use of basic shapes and monochromatic palettes of primary colors, objectivity, and anonymity of style. -
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Studio Alchimia
Studio Alchimia was an interdisciplinary and multiform group whose activities included seminars, production of experimental video, clothing design, theatrical set design, product design, decorative arts, performance art, and architecture. -
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Memphis
The movement's overriding aim was to develop a new, mostly radical, approach to design.
The Memphis Group was an Italian design and architecture group founded by Ettore Sottsass in 1980 that designed Postmodern furniture, fabrics, ceramics, glass, and metal objects.