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Uncle Tom's Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe published a novel titled "Uncle Tom's Cabin", In response to the 1850 fugitive slave Law. It was so controversial and made way for even more tension between the free and slave states, because it highlighted the raw cruelty of slavery, and gave rise to more anti-slavery movements, which in turn angered the Southern/slave states -
Kansas Nebraska Act
Initiated by Stephen Douglas, It allowed Nebraska and Kansas(Louisiana Purchase) to form and bring slaves into their new territory, and they could use popular sovereignty to decided if they wanted to become a free or slave state. It made the Missouri compromise void -
Republican Party
As a result of Stephen Douglas and the Nebraska Kansas Act the Whig party went down, but in turn rose a powerful new organization the republican party.
- Main demand was for slavery to be excluded in all territories
-Promised protective tariff for industry, promised free homestead to settlers moving into the west
-Elected John Fremont as their president
-Abraham Lincoln was a member -
Bloody Kansas
Started on May 21, 1856 when 800 pro slavery men marched into slavery to arrest anti-slavery men, and destroyed and burned down the town. Both pro slavery and antislavery forces and their families were moving into Kansas at the same, which resulted in violence and conflict. -
Election of 1856
A very sectional and bitter election between James Buchanan of Pennsylvania (D) and James Fremont (R). Democrats made republicans look like a party of radials and disunion. James Buchanan won the electoral vote. -
Brooks -Sumner Incident
Two days before Lawrence Kansas was invaded, senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts gave a speech that condemned people trying to make Kansas and slave state, and made fun of the medical condition of one of the South's (SC) senators, Butler. Two days later Senator's Butler's nephew went and beat Sumner's head in with a cane, that made him physical incapable for 3 years. -
Lecompton Constitution
Written by pro slavery advocates that allowed slavery in Kansas -
Dred Scott
After Dred Scott owner died he sued in Missouri for liberation from slavery. the Supreme court ruled against his favor because he was considered property and he was not a citizen, so he could be taken anywhere and still have to be returned to his owner, Ruled the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional and Congress didn't have authority, limited popular sovereignty, made even more tension between free and slave states -
Lincoln Douglas Debates
Seven debates that went on between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas on the topics of popular sovereignty, African American Citizenship, and slavery vs free labor. Douglas felt like slavery was declining & needed to expand to thrive. Washington felt like Douglas was trying to make slavery world wide. Douglas felt like slaves were not equal to whites, no citizenship. Lincoln agree but wanted them to have inalienable rights. Douglas won. Said slavery could be excluded (trap) -
House Divided Speech
Basically said that it was a fact that a divided house cannot stand, and it would not fall or stay divided, but in contrary cease to divide any longer -
Harper's ferry
He went into The Federal Arsenal at Harper's ferry with 18 followers and attempted to seize weapons and incite a slave revolt. after 2 days of fighting U.S. army troops, led by Robert E Lee captured them and held them prisoner.
- Felt like he was on a mission for God -
John Brown
Jon Brown was hanged, as a result of being charged with treason, murder, and conspiracy. -
Election of 1860
Southern Democrats
-Split from Republican Party (Popular Sovereignty)
-John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky
Northern Democrats
-Stephen A. Douglas
(Whigs, Border states) Constitutional Union Party
-John C. Bell
Northern Republicans
-Abraham Lincoln
~Lincoln V Douglas (N)
&
~Breckenridge V Bell (S)
-Lincoln Won (39% pop vote, majority 180 electoral, all 18 free states) -
Succession
On December 20, South Carolina succeeded from the union
By February 1, 5 more states had succeeded also
February 8, all 6 states signed a provisional constitution for the confederate states of America.
(11 in all) -
Lincolns 1st inaugural Adress
-He won't interfere with slavery at any point