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light bulb (inventions)
Humphry Davy invented the first electric light. But fortunately one of the everyday conveniences that most affects our lives, was not “invented” in the traditional sense in 1879 by Thomas Edison. Davy experimented with electricity and invented an electric battery. When Davy connected wires to his battery and a piece of carbon, the carbon glowed, producing light. His invention was known as the Electric Arc lamp. -
John Deere
A blacksmith by trade, Deere determined that the wood and cast-iron plow in use at the time was ill suited to the challenges presented by prairie soil, so after some experimentation he crafted a new kind of plow and sold his first one in 1838 -
Child Labor
Children under the age of 16, had been servants throughout most of human history, child labor had reached new extremes during the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century. they often worked long hours in dangerous factory conditions for very little money. Children were useful as laborers because their size allowed them to move in small spaces in factories or mines where adults couldn’t fit. they were also easier to manage, control and perhaps most importantly, be paid less. -
killing of the buffalo
Native Americans learned to use horses to chase bison which would dramatically expanding their hunting range. But, by the middle of the 19th century, buffalo hunters would shoot bison for sport. "Buffalo" Bill Cody, who was hired to kill bison, slaughtered majority of bison. -
Native Americans (lifestyle)
Approximately 75,000 Indians inhabited the Plains in the mid-1800s. The buffalo was depended on by the Plains Indians; it was vital that these were chased and hunted for necessary supplies such as food, shelter, and tools. -
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Transforming the west
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Homestead act
the Homestead Act encouraged Western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land. In exchange, homesteaders paid a small filing fee and were required to complete five years of continuous residence before receiving ownership of the land. -
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Becoming an Industrial power
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Knights of Labor
The Knights of Labor were the largest labor organizations in the 19th and early 20th century. They promoted the social and cultural uplift of the workingman, rejected socialism and anarchism, demanded the eight-hour day, and promoted the producers ethic of republicanism. -
transcontinental railroad
A train route across the United States, finished in 1869. It was the project of two railroad companies: the Union Pacific built from the east, and the Central Pacific built from the west. The two lines met in Utah. -
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IMPERIALISM
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Red River War
The Red River War was a military battle launched by the United States Army in 1874 to remove the Comanche, Kiowa, Southern Cheyenne, and Arapaho Native American tribes from the Southern Plains -
Spoil System
The spoils system is in which a political party, after winning an election, gives government civil service jobs to its supporters, friends and relatives as a reward for working toward victory, -
Tenements
Tenements are urban dwellings that are occupied by impoverished families. They are apartment houses that barely meet or had failed to meet the minimum standards of safety, sanitation, and comfort. Housing was scarce for particularly the working-class families. this took place majority in New York. -
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THE GILDED AGE
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Exodusters
The Exodusters were the name given to African Americans who migrated from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late nineteenth century, as part of the Exoduster Movement or Exodus of 1879. It was the first general migration of blacks following the Civil War. -
Working Hours (Labor/ Working
During the late nineteenth century the U.S. economy underwent a spectacular increase in industrial growth. Long working hours in the 1800s were usually 12 to 14 hours a day with extra time were busy period. Worker were often required to clean the machines during their lunch time. The wages between women and children would be lower than men. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
It was the first significant law restricting immigration into the United States. In the spring of 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed by Congress and signed by President Chester A. Arthur. This act provided an absolute 10-year moratorium on Chinese labor immigration. -
Civil Service Exam ( Pendleton Act)
The Civil Service Act of 1883 was also known as the Pendleton Act after its sponsor, Senator George H. Pendleton. It had established a bipartisan commission to oversee a merit system of examinations for specific public service positions. The Pendleton act limited patronage jobs and that some government employees must be hired on merit with a test. The will effectively end the spoil system -
Francis Willard
Frances Willard was an American educator, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist. Her influence was instrumental in the passage of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution. -
The Pendleton Act
The Pendleton Act is important because it stopped the appointment of people to governmental offices merely because of their political affiliation or their connection to the president. The Pendleton Act required qualified people to be elected to governmental offices based on the individual's merit. -
Buffalo Bills Wild West Show
Buffalo Bills Wild West Show was a spectacular show organized in 1883 by William F. Cody that featured horseback riding and marksmanship on a large scale; toured the United States and Europe. It first was organized in 1883 and began touring in 1889. -
coca cola (invention)
in 1886, Coca-Cola was invented by a pharmacist named John Pemberton, otherwise known as "Doc." He fought in the Civil War, and at the end of the war he decided he wanted to invent something that would bring him commercial success. -
Great Upheaval of 1886
The Great Upheaval of 1886 was a wave of strikes and labor protest that touched every part of the nation in 1886. Many workers were killed at a reaper plant in Chicago by police. -
Haymarket Riot
At Haymarket Square in Chicago, Illinois, a bomb was thrown at a group of policemen attempting to break up a labor rally. The police responded with opening gunfire and killing/injuring several people in the crowd. The demonstration, which drew some 1,500 Chicago workers was organized by German-born labor radicals in protest of the killing of a striker by the Chicago police the day before. -
Dawes Severalty Act
the Dawes Act gave the president the power to divide Indian reservations into individual, privately owned plots. The act dictated that men with families would receive 160 acres, single adult men were given 80 acres, and boys received 40 acres. Women received no land. -
Immigration Detention
Immigration detention is a policy of holding individuals suspected of visa violations or illegal entry and those subject to deportation and removal in detention until a decision is made by immigration authorities to grant a visa and release them into the community. -
Ghost Dances
The Ghost Dances were a group dance of a late 19th century American Indian messianic cult. They believed to promote the return of the dead and the restoration of traditional ways of life. it was first known to be used in 1890. -
Sherman Anti Trust Act
The Sherman Antitrust Act was the first measure passed by the U.S. Congress to prohibit trusts. The federal law was passed in 1890 that committed the American government to opposing monopolies. The law prohibits contracts, combinations, or conspiracies in the restraint of trade or commerce. This was passed under the presidency of Benjamin Harrison. -
John Rocketfeller
An American businessman of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; a founder of the Standard Oil Company. Rockefeller was the richest man in the world at his retirement and was noted for founding many charitable organizations. -
Literacy Test
Literacy Rates refer to the state government practices of administering tests to prospective voters to test their literacy in order to vote. while practicing, these tests were intended to disenfranchise African-Americans from voting. For other nations, literacy tests have been a matter for an immigration policy. -
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PROGRESSIVE ERA
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silver act
The Sherman Silver Purchase Act was passed in 1890 by the U.S. Congress to replace the Bland-Allison Act of 1878. It not only required the U.S. government to purchase nearly twice as much silver as before, but also added substantially to the amount of money already in circulation. -
Worlds Colombian Exposition 1893
Americans saw this World's Fair as their opportunity to claim a place among the world's most "civilized" societies. They meant the countries of western Europe. The Fair honored art, architecture and science. its promoters built a mini-city to host the fair that reflected all the ideals of city-planning that was popular at the time. -
Depression of 1893
The Depression of 1893 was a serious economic depression in the United States that began in that year. similar to the Panic of 1873, this panic was marked by the collapse of railroad overbuilding and shaky railroad financing which set off a series of bank failures -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
In 1896, Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow car. He was brought to Judge John H. Ferguson of the Criminal Court for New Orleans, who upheld the state law. The law was challenged in the Supreme Court on grounds that it conflicted with the 13th and 14th Amendments. -
William McKinley
William McKinley served in the U.S. Congress and as governor of Ohio before running for presidency in 1896. As a longtime champion of protective tariffs, McKinley ran on a platform of promoting American prosperity and won a landslide victory over Democrat William Jennings Bryan to become the 25th president of the United States in 1898 -
George Dewey
George Dewey was born on December 26, 1837 and later died on January 16, 1917 was Admiral to the Navy. He was the only person in United States history to have attained the rank. He is best known for his victory at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War in 1898. -
Battle of San Juan
San Juan Hill, Battle of 1898, is most likely the best known U.S. battle in Cuba during the Spanish‐American War because of the media coverage of Theodore Roosevelt, the Battle of “San Juan Hill” is more accurately the Battle of San Juan Heights, and Roosevelt's famous charge occurred on nearby Kettle Hill. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris of 1898 was an agreement made in 1898 that involved Spain relinquishing nearly all of the remaining Spanish Empire, especially Cuba, and ceding Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States. -
Philippine-American War
Philippine-American War was a war between the United States and Filipino revolutionaries from 1899 to 1902, an insurrection that may be seen as a continuation of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule.The revolution was led in part by Emilio Aguinaldo that broke out in 1896 in the Philippine Islands. -
Open Door Policy
The Open Door Policy is a term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United States policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, as enunciated in Secretary of State John Hay's Open Door Note, dated September 6, 1899 and dispatched to the major European powers.a communication policy in which a manager, CEO, president or supervisor leaves their office door "open" in order to encourage openness and transparency with the employees of that company. -
Teddy Roosevelt
Republican politician Theodore Roosevelt unexpectedly became the 26th president of the United States in September 1901 after the assassination of McKinley.He won a second term in 1904. Roosevelt confronted the bitter struggle between management and labor head-on for his strenuous efforts to break up industrial combinations under the Sherman Antitrust Act.He was also a dedicated conservationist, setting aside 200 million acres for national forests,reserves& wildlife refuges during his presidency. -
Nobel peace prize
the noble peace prize are five awards that have been awarded annually to those who have done the best work for fellowship between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses. -
Platt Amendment
The Platt Amendment was passed as part of the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill. It laid down seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish–American War. This was an eighth condition that Cuba sign a treaty accepting these seven conditions. -
Russo-Japanese War
The Russo-Jap war was a war fought in 1904 and ended in 1905 between Russia and Japan over rival territorial claims. In winning the war, Japan emerged as a world power. Eventually, President Theodore Roosevelt of the United States will eventually be largely responsible for bringing the two sides together and working out a treaty. -
Meat inspection act
The Meat inspection act had required a federal inspection of meat and meatpacking plants.it was an American law that passed in which made it a crime to misbrand meat and/or meat products which were being sold as food. It ensures that the meat slaughtered and processed are following the sanitary conditions. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
The pure food and Drug Act was an act for preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes -
17th amendment
The 17th amendment states that The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislatures. -
Election of 1912
The United States presidential election of 1912 was the 32nd quadrennial presidential election. this was held on November 5, 1912. Democratic Governor Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey defeated incumbent Republican President William Howard Taft and former President Theodore Roosevelt, who ran as the Progressive Party nominee. -
Federal reserve act
By December 23, 1913, when President Woodrow Wilson signed the Federal Reserve Act into law, it had then, stood as an example of a compromise. A decentralized central bank that balanced the competing interests of private banks and populist sentiment. It was created to provide the nation with a more safer, flexible and more stable momentary and financial system. -
European Alliances
by 1914 six powerful countries of Europe were split into two alliances that would form the two warring sides in World War I. The three were Britain, France, and Russia which formed the Triple Entente. while the other three such as Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy joined in the Triple Alliance. -
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WORLD WAR I
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Ludlow Massacre
The Ludlow Massacre was a planned attack by the Colorado National Guard and Colorado Fuel & Iron Company camp guards on a tent colony of 1,200 coal miners and their families. On April 20, 1914. About two dozen people, including miners' wives and children, were killed -
President Woodrow Wilson
Woodrow Wilson who was born in 1856 and later died in 1924, was the 28th U.S. president and served in office from 1913 to 1921. During this time, he managed to led America through World War I from 1914 to 1918. An advocate for democracy and world peace, Wilson is often ranked by historians as one of the nation’s greatest presidents. -
Schlieffen Plan
The Schlieffen Plan was an operational plan used by the Germans to take over France and Belgium and carried out in August 1914. the plan was formed by the German Chief of Staff Alfred von Schlieffen. The plan however was ruined by the commander -in-chief of the German army after Schlieffen retired in 1906. -
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was a major and long struggle which began in 1910 when the 30-year dictatorship in Mexico finally came to an end and established a constitutional republic. This great decision will transformed Mexican culture and the government dramatically. -
Great Migration
The Great Migration was the migration of about 6 million African-Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the urban Northeast, Midwest, and West that occurred between 1916 and 1970. This was due to the harsh racial law that segregated them apart from whites. This was commonly known as the 'Jim Crow Laws' -
National Park System
The National Park System began when President Woodrow Wilson signed the act creating the National Park Service, a new federal bureau in the Department of the Interior, in which they were responsible for protecting the 35 national parks and monuments. They were then managed by the department. -
Espionage Act
The Espionage Act of 1917 is a United States federal law that was finally passed on June 15, 1917, shortly after the U.S. entry into World War I. It has been amended numerous times over the years. -
Sedition act
The Sedition Act was an Act of the United States that extended the Espionage Act of 1917 to cover a wider range of offenses, notably speech and the expression of opinion that cast the government in a negative light or interfered with the sale of government bonds. -
Murder of the Romanovs
The Russian Imperial Romanov family Tsar Nicholas II, his wife and their five children and all those who chose to accompany them into imprisonment were shot, bayoneted and clubbed to death. Tsar and his family were killed by Bolshevik troops led by Yakov Yurovsky under the orders of the Ural Regional Soviet. -
American Expeditionary Force
On September 12, 1918, The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) was the expeditionary force of the United States Army during World War I. It was successfully established on July 5, 1917, in France under the command of General John J. Pershing. -
Treaty Of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles, which ended WWI, led to the start of WWII, less than 20 years later, because of how harshly it treated Germany and how angry Germans were about this. It forced Germany to admit all guilt for the war and they required Germany to pay a large amount of money in reparations to the Allies. -
Temperance Movement
The Temperance Movement was an organized social effort (by mostly women) during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to limit or outlaw the consumption and production of alcoholic beverages in the United States. Later on the prohibition of alcohol was a nationwide constitutional ban on the production, importation, transportation, and sale from 1920 to 1933. -
Volstead Act
Volstead Act was formally the 'National Prohibition Act'. This U.S. law was first enacted in 1919 but took full effect in 1920. This would provide enforcement for the Eighteenth Amendment which prohibiting the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. This act was suppose to regulate the manufacture, production, use, and sale of high-proof spirits for other than beverage purposes -
ku klux klan
The Klan was easily at its most popular in the United States during the 1920s, when its reach was nationwide, its members disproportionately middle class, and many of its very visible public activities geared toward festivities, pageants, and social gatherings suh as on August 8, 1925, more than 50,000 members of the Ku Klux Klan paraded through Washington, D.C. -
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was a proponent of Black nationalism in Jamaica and especially the United States. He was a leader of a mass movement called Pan-Africanism and he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and The African Communities League. During the 1920s, his Universal Negro Improvement Association was the largest secular organization in African-American history -
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1920s
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19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted American women the right to vote which was a right known as woman suffrage. At the time the U.S. was founded, its female citizens did not share all of the same rights as men, including the right to vote. It was not until 1848 that the movement for women’s rights launched on a national level with a convention in Seneca Falls, New York. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
The Teapot Dome Scandal was a bribery incident that had tooken place in the United States from 1921 to 1922. The Teapot Dome was then, regarded as the greatest and most sensational scandal in American politics. The scandal damaged the public reputation of the Harding administration, which was already severely diminished by its controversial handling of the Great Railroad Strike of 1922. -
Albert Fall
Albert B. Fall ,who went into office from 1921-1923, was a United States Senator from New Mexico and the Secretary of the Interior under President Warren G. Harding. He later became infamous for his involvement in the Teapot Dome scandal. -
Fall of the Ottoman Empire
The Fall of Ottoman Empire began to fall In the 1600s,The Ottoman Empire began to lose its economic and military dominance to Europe. But the Ottoman empire officially ended in 1922 when the title of Ottoman Sultan was eliminated. Turkey was declared a republic in 1923. -
Immigration Act of 1924
The immigration Act of 1924 had limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota. The law was primarily aimed at further restricting immigration of Southern Europeans and Eastern Europeans, especially Italians, Slavs and Eastern European Jews. Also, it severely restricted the immigration of Africans and banned the immigration of Arabs and Asians. -
American Indian Citizenship Act
Congress granted citizenship to all Native Americans born in the U.S. Yet even after the Indian Citizenship Act, some Native Americans weren't allowed to vote because the right to vote was governed by state law. -
Scopes Monkey Trial
The Scopes "monkey" trial involved John Thomas Scopes, a young high school science teacher, accused of teaching evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law. The law, made it a misdemeanor that was punishable by fine if they did not 'teach any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animals.' -
Charles Lindberg
Charles Lindberg, born in February 4,1902 was an American aviator, military officer, author, inventor, explorer, and environmental activist. At age 25 in 1927, he went from an unsignificant U.S. Air Mail pilot to being an instantaneous world famous pilot by winning the Orteig Prize for making a nonstop flight from Long Island, New York, to Paris, France. He later passed on August 26, 1974 -
Great Depression (Germany)
The Weimar democracy could not withstand the disastrous Great Depression of 1929. The agriculture played a big role in the downturn of the economy. International agriculture prices fell, and this also contributed to the unemployment of farmers. Industrial production, agriculture, commerce and currency, production all had a downfall -
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover was an American engineer, businessman and politician who served as the 31st President of the United States from 1929 to 1933 during the Great Depression. As the Depression deepened, Hoover failed to recognize the severity of the situation or leverage the power of the federal government to squarely address it. -
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The Great Depression
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Great Depression (United States)
The Great Depression was a worldwide economic depression that lasted 10 years. It all began on October 24, 1929, when the stock market crashed. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. Cities all around the world were hit hard, especially those dependent on heavy industry. -
Blacklist
Blacklisting is the action of a group or authority making a blacklist of people to be avoided or distrusted as not being acceptable to those making the list. A blacklist can list people to be discriminated against, refused employment, or censured -
Invasion of Manchuria-China
In September 1931 the Japanese Imperial Army invades Manchuria. The Japanese claimed that Chinese soldiers had sabotaged the railway, and attacked the Chinese army. The Chinese army refused to fight back because they knew that the Japanese wanted an condoning to invade Manchuria. -
Glass- Stegall Act
The Glass–Steagall legislation describes four provisions of the U.S. Banking Act of 1933 separating commercial and investment banking.The 1933 Banking Act describes the entire law, including the legislative history of the provisions covered here. -
Federal Emergency Relief
The Federal Emergency Relief Act of May 12, 1933, implemented President Roosevelt's first major initiative to combat the adverse economic and social effects of the Great Depression. -
National Industrial Recovery Act
The Nationals Industrial Recovery Act was a US labor law and consumer law which was passed by the US Congress to authorize the President to regulate industry for fair wages and prices that would stimulate economic recovery. This was signed off by Theodore Roosevelt -
21 Amendment
The 21 amendment was ratified December 05, 1933. This amendment revoked or abolished the 18th Amendment, which prohibited the production, transportation, and sale of alcohol in the United States.It became the first Amendment to repeal another Amendment. -
Adolf Hilter
Adolf Hitler was born April 20, 1889 and later died ion April 30th, 1945. He was known widely as the leader of the national socialist (Nazi) party from 1920-1921. He was one of the most powerful and infamous dictators of the 20th century after World War I. He led many invasions, created concentration camps for Jews, homosexuals, gypsies etc. His plan was to slowly take over countries and become extremely powerful. -
Social Security Act
the Social Security Act had finally created a successful system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, aid for dependent mothers and children, the blind, and the physically handicapped. This was passed off as a law by President Roosevelt. -
The Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl was a severe dust storm during a dry period in the 1930s. The high winds and dust swept from Texas to Nebraska. Many people and livestock were killed and crops failed across the entire region. The Dust Bowl intensified the crushing economic impacts of the Great Depression and drove many farming families on desperate migrations in search of work and better living conditions. -
Invasion of Poland
The Invasion of Poland happened in 1939 as a "military offensive" in which Nazi Germany and later the Soviet Union invaded Poland. It was the start of World War II in Europe. The invasion took place from September 1 to October 6, 1939. The invasion of Poland caused Britain and France to declare war on Germany on September 3. -
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WORLD WAR II
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Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur, who was born in 1880 and later died in 1964, was an American general who commanded the 'Southwest Pacific' in World War II in 1939 to 1945, he oversaw the successful Allied occupation of postwar Japan and led United Nations forces in the Korean War (1950-1953). -
The Holocaust
The Holocaust was a genocide during World War II in which Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany, aided by its collaborators, systematically murdered about six million European Jews. Due to the holocaust, Around two-thirds of the Jewish population of Europe from 1941 to 1945 had been killed -
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor which is a Hawaii Territory, on December 7, 1941. The attack, is also more commonly known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor. this causes the leading to the United States entry into World War II. -
zoot suite riots
The Zoot Suit Riots were a continuous streak of violent clashes during which mobs of U.S. servicemen, off-duty police officers and civilians brawled with young Latinos and other minorities in Los Angeles. -
Tehran Conference
The Tehran Conference was a meeting with Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill from November 28 to December 1st of 1943. this was held after the Anglo-Soviet Invasion of Iran. It took place in the Soviet Union's embassy in Tehran, Iran. -
Chester Nimitz
Chester W. Nimitz, born in February 24, 1885 and who later died in February 20 1966, was commander of the U.S. Pacific Fleet during World War II. he was a brilliant strategist who commanded all land and sea forces in the central Pacific. On December 31, 1941, he was appointed Commander in Chief, U. S. Pacific Fleet -
Japanese surrender
The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced on August 15 but was formally signed on September 2, 1945. this would finally bring the hostilities of World War II to a final end. it is said to have ended due to the invasion of USS Missouri in Japan and to have completely destroyed their navy and air force. The Allied naval blockade of Japan and intensive bombing of Japanese cities had left the country and its economy devastated -
Trinity Bomb
Trinity was the code name of the first detonation of a nuclear weapon. It was conducted by the United States Army at 5:29 a.m. on July 16, 1945 as part of the Manhattan Project
