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Napoleon Promted to Lead a French Army
The Directroy appointed Napoelon to lead a French army against the forces of Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia. He swept through Italy and won a series of remarkable victories. -
Napoleon led an Expedition to Egypt
He beings his campaign with an army of 38,000 -
Wins Battle of the Pyramids against Mamelukes in Egypt
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Fall of Cairo
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Coup d'Etat
When Napoleon returned from an expedition, his firends urged him to seize politial power. Troops under Napoleon's command surrounded the national legislature and drove out most of its members. To replace the Directory, lawmakers established a group of 3 counsels, one of whom was Napoleon. Napoleon quickly took the title of first consul and assumed the powers of a dictator. -
Napoleon Establishes a National Bank and an Efficient Tax System
He did it to:
-To get the economy on a solid footing
-Restoring order at Home
-ensuring the government a steady supply of tax money
As a result,
promoted sound financial management and better control of the economy
-paper money of uncertain value flooded country’s economy -
·Signing of the Concordat between France and Rome ends schism between the French government and the Catholic Church
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Treaty of Amiens signed with Britain
Europe was at peace for the first time in 10 years. Napoleon was now able to focus on restoring France. -
Napoleon restructures French educational system
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France sells Louisiana territory to U.S
Needed more money and had a profit motive. Selling Louisiana would gain money to finance operations in Europe. They sold the Louisiana territory for $15 million. Another motive was to punish the British. -
Napoleon Sends Troops to Saint Domingue
He did it to recapture Saint Domingue from slaves and restore sugar industry. -slaves beat British
-after failure of the expedition to Saint Domingue, decided to cut his losses in the Americas -
Napoleon Enacts the Napoleonic Code of Laws
He enacted it to create uniform law across all of France that was published and available to all and contained no secret exceptions. gave country a uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices
-limited liberty and promoted order and authority over individual rights
-restored slavery in the French colonies of the Caribbean
-laws clearer and more accessible
-superseded the former conflict between royal legislative power -
Senate proclaims Napoleon as Emperor of the French Republic
Napoleon is proclaimed Emperor and is crowned in a cermony held at the Notre Dame in Paris. He is named King of Italy a year after. -
Napoleon Wages Battle of Trafalgar
He did this to:
-drive for European empire
-trying to fight the British
-control trade
As a result, -drive for European empire
-trying to fight the British
-control trade
-ensured the supremacy of the British navy for the next 100 years
-forced Napoleon to give up his plans of invading Britain -
The Continental System
Napoleon set up a blockade to prevent all trade and communication between Great Britain and other European nations, which Napoleon called the Contintntal System. It was supposed to make continental Europe more self-sufficient. Napoleon inteded it to destroy Great Britain's commercial and industrial economy -
The Peninsular War
In an effort to get Portuagal to accept the Contintental System, Napoleon sent an invasion force through Spain. In response to the protest of Spanish people on this action, Napoleon removed the Spanish king and out his brother on the throne. For six years, bands of Spanish peasant fighters (guerrillas) struck at French armies in Spain.They worked in small groups that ambushed French troops to aid the Spanish. Napoleon lost about 300,000 men and weakened the French Empire. -
The Invasion of Russia
The Russian czar refused to stop selling grain to Britain. Napoleon decided to invade Russia. Napoleon and his Grand Army of more than 420,000 soldiers marched into Russia. As Napoleon advanced, Alexander pulled back his troops, refusing to be lured into an unequal battle. On this retreat, Russians practiced a scorched-earth policy where they burned grain fields and slaughtered livestock so as to leave nothing for the enemy to eat. -
Battle of Borodino
Russians fell back, allowing Napoleon to move on Moscow. When Napoleon entered Moscow, the city was in flames. Napoelon stayed in the ruined city until the middle of October, when he decided to turn back toward France. The retreat from Moscow had devastated the Grand Army-10,000 remained to fight -
Leipzig
Napoleon managed to raise another army. However, most of his troops were untrained and ill prepared for battle. He face the allied armies of the European powers outside the German city of Leipzig.The allied forces easily defeated his inexperienced army and Fench vresistance crumbled quickly. -
Army Pushing Toward Paris
The allied armies were pushing steadily toward Paris. Frederick William III of Prussia and Czar Alexander I of Russia led their troops in a triumphant parade through the French capital. Napoleon wanted to fight on, but generals refused -
Napoleon Gives Up Throne
Napoleon accepted the terms of surrdener and gave up his throne. The victors gave Napoleon a small pension and exiled him to Elba -
Napoleon Returns
The news od Louis's troubles was all the incentive Napoleon needed to try to regain power. He escaped from Elba and landed in France. Joyous crowds welcomed hin on the march to Paris. And thousands of volunteers swelled the ranks of his army. Within days, Napoleon was again emperor of France -
Napoleon Attacks
European allies quickly marshaled their armies. The British army prepared for battle near the village of Waterloo in Belgium. The Brtish army defended its ground all day. The Prussian army arrieved and together the forces attacked the French. Napoleon's exhausted troops gave way adn the British and Prussian forces chased them from the field. -
Napoleon Dies
The British shippedNapoleon to St. Helena and he lived in lonely exile for six years, writing his mempors. He died of a stomach ailment, perhaps cancer.
