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The Paleolithic period is the earliest period of human development and the longest phase of mankind's history
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The early civilizations danced because they had no rotten records from this time. Dance was used as a means of communication and a way of life.
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Their movements were very natural and basic. They were running, swaying, stomping, and clapping.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJXk7-zv65Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ckK_H7BkMZw -
The Neolithic and Paleolithic used to dance for some life events such as births, marriages, happy moments, and even sad moments.
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Neolithic Period (also known as the New Stone Age) was a period in the final developmental stage of cultural evolution and technological development in prehistorical society. -
The Epic of Gilgamesh is considered to have been Babylonia's greatest literary masterpiece. It was discovered written on twelve broken tablets in the ruins of Ashurbanipal's library in Ninevah
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During this period, the Eastern civilizations made major advances and contributions in agriculture, arts, economics, laws, technology, industry, literature, navigation, philosophy.
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Origins of Belly dance by some group of people.
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Music was regarded by the Hebrews as a direct communication with God and a music service created by is still used in the synagogues today.
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During their brief existence in Jerusalem, Hebrews built a beautiful temple, resplendent in polished cedar and glittering gold.
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The first writer of tragedy was Aeschylus of Athens who was accredited with producing the first real drama.
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A contest of dithyrambic song and dance was established.
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Herodotus was called "the father of history".
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Thucydides recorded the history of the Peloponnesian war. With knowledge, Thucydides "sought to diagnose the causes of social diseases by dispassionate observation and comparison of symptoms"
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Aristophanes was the father of comedy
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Menander, writer of comedies during the Hellenistic Era did not produce with serious messages, but rather situation comedies that commentaries on everyday life.
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The first printed edition of Terence appeared in Strasbourg in 1470, while the first certain post-antique performance of one of Terence's plays, Andria, took place in Florence in 1476.
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When the Jews rose against their Roman oppressors, the temple was destroyed.
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At the dedication of the first theater, a great festival was held which included dramatic performances.
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Starting with the Zhou dynasty, dances became more formalized and purposeful.
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Ancient Greece is known for its art, architecture, and philosophy.
In this period, the police became the defining characteristic of Greek political life for hundreds of years. -
The word ballet comes from French and was borrowed into English around the 17th century
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Catherine de Medici was born in 1519 and died in 1589. She was born in Florence Italy. She was just 15 years old when she was married to Henry II in 1533. Her patronage of the arts lived on in the reputation for culture and elegance that the French court maintained until the Revolution.
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This first ballet was commissioned by the queen as a part of the wedding celebration of a friend that lasted 5 ½ hours.
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ballet de cour was the name given to the ballets performed in the 16th and 17th centuries at court and developed out of the festivals
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Louis XIV, known as the Sun King, was born in 1638, and died in 1715). He was crowned king in 1643, at just four years old, under the regency of his mother Anne of Austria. He was a lover of the arts, he protected writers and devoted himself to building splendid palaces, including the extravagant Versailles. He himself performed extravagant dances some that consisted of twelve hours. He created the first dance academy and the academy for opera.
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After the creation of The Academie d’Opera, it merged into the Paris Opera; the dance company was housed within the opera company.
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The Academie Royal de Danse met its demise because Lully wanted the school to become a training ground for professional dancers rather than nobles who wanted to dance at court.
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The Academie Royal de Danse is considered the 1st ballet school and was an opportunity for those who wanted to perform in the shows to learn more complicated dance step
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Marie de Camargo was born in 1710, died in 1770. She was instructed by Mlle Prevost; Camargo made her Paris debut in 1726. The ballet was a series of short divertissements, to display herself in period dances and pantomime. She performed steps previously reserved for men and shortened her skirts to give herself freedom while moving. Believing that dance should be expressive and unhindered by costumes, her panniers, corset, and skirt in exchange for a light muslin dress.
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They emphasized the ideas of women floating and being weightless and unearthly.
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The Romantic Ballet Period was part of a larger movement entitled Romanticism. It was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement.
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Classical Ballet was characterized by a general obsession with magic, elaborate leg movements, point shoes, they emphasized the idea of women being weightless during this period.
The dance movements were characterized by soft, rounded arms with a forward tilt in the upper body -
The first true full length romantic ballet was premiered and named The Sylphide
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The Bournonville Method is a codified training technique developed by August Bournonville. It focuses on grace, the appearance of effortlessness, and harmony between the body and the music.
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It is a phrase that characterizes what is akin to the hero-worship of women in ballet during this time.
Ballets were dominated by women vs. men and women took the lead roles in the ballets. -
The peak of the Romantic period was with the premiere of Pas de Quatre
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The creative period started in the late 70s/early 80s and continues through today.
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This was the last ballet produced in this period
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While alive, his method came all from him, but once he died his teachings were codified and written down. This codification is what has allowed his method to remain legitimate and why it can be used today.His method has a fixed regimen with set exercises for each day of the working week. Cechetti felt it was more important to execute a movement once correctly than many times carelessly.
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The step is performed at a speedy tempo, uses traditional ballet vocabulary. Focus on technique and movements. The costumes are often with no tutus and pointe shoes are used most of the time. They don’t use curtains. There is no backstage. It had a very simple set
The number of technical feet is greater than the classical style.
The organization is more open than classical ballet -
The manifesto was housed in a speech entitled “The Dance of the Future” given in Germany and became the words that defined a new genre of dance.
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The dance used a combination of fabric manipulation and Fuller’s light inventions. The illusion of Fuller being consumed by fire was created with floor lights that were directed at her costume through a glass plate that had been placed in a stage opening.
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The Isadorables were group of six Duncan dancers named by French Poet, Fernand Divoire,
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Fuller produced, directed, and starred in the short film Fire Dance
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The company and school were created by both Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn. This school could be considered the first official training school of dance in America and trained many of those who would become the 1st major generation of true modern dance creators.
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Vaganova began teaching at the Imperial Ballet School
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He was highly regarded in contemporary choreography. He made several contributions to dance. Balanchine served as artistic director for New York City Ballet, choreographing the majority of the now 175 productions the company has introduced since its inception. Balanchine’s style has been described as neoclassic, a reaction to the Romantic anticlassicism that was the prevailing style in Russian and European ballet when he had begun to dance.
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This ballet was 1st performed by Ballet Rambert in London but has been in the New York City Ballet repertory.
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This ballet was 1st performed by Ballet Rambert in London.The accompaniment of the piece are sung by vocalists onstage while a group of village peasants dance their grief, resignation and acceptance of a tragedy.
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She was asked by the president of Adelphi University to create the 1st college dance program in the nation. She agreed but only stayed a short time because other interests took precedence over administering the program.
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Bausch was born in Solingen, Germany. She started her dance training at 14 with Kurt Jooss
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This ballet is one of his earliest ballets, pre-dating the formation of New York City Ballet. It is based on a medieval belief that the body was made of four temperaments
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The entire ballet is set to some of John Philip Sousa’s famous American patriotic marches.
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NDT is Dutch company founded by Benjamin Harkarvy, Aart Verstegen and Carel Birnie along with 18 members of the Dutch National Ballet. Their intention was to break from the tradition of the Dutch National Ballet.
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Jewels is a full-length ballet; a three act plotless ballet. It uses the music of 3 different composers and was inspired by the work of jewelry designer Claude Arpels.
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This ballet was 1st performed by ABT (American Ballet Theater) and was originally created for ballerina Gelsey Kirkland
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He became artistic director of Nederlands Dans Theatre .
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She started in the year at Mudra School in Brussels
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This piece is an evening-length work of Pina Bausch portraying the struggle of courtship and human “mating” rituals. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4e3U0flBwJ0
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Mark Morris dance group and Theatre Royale de la Monaie had founded his first company
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The both form a company together
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work created by Pina Bausch
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Keersmaeker founded her company Rosas in Brussels, Belgium
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This piece was done by Anne Teresa de Keersmaeker
both as both live works and on film. It’s set in 5 parts and focused on repetitive and minimalist principles.
https://vimeo.com/39033556 -
This ballet is not actually choreographed by Mitchell, but is important because it demonstrated a shift in how ballet was accessed by non-white and mostly middle class and wealthy dancers and patrons.
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This piece is structured as a very traditional theme and variations.
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Mark Morris's dance group had founded his second company and collaborated with yo-yo mama.
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This piece originally premiered in Belgium and is considered to be Morris’s masterpiece.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSZXeZu6xoc&feature=related -
This piece has also been done by Anne Teresa de Keersmaeker as both a live work and video work. It’s a full evening length piece when it’s done in full-coming in at just over an hour, and more than anything was de Keersmaeker’s manifestation of interactive dancer/musician relationships throughout the performance
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Originally created for NDT. “petite mort” translated from French means “little death” and is generally used as a euphemism for a sexual orgasm. This piece plays on the euphemism through subtle sexual suggestion.
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This piece is Morris’s restaging of The Nutcracker.
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As quoted from a review about this film: Strange Fish “looks at attraction in relationships between people and their incessant need and search for a person to love together with their underlying need for someone or something to believe in. Newson also explores the tyranny of couples and groups, and the pain that is experienced when people are ostracized from these social arrangements which is tied to a deep fear humans have of being left alone.”
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work of Anne Teresa de Keersmaeker
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LgP4YY4Ko8M -
This ballet is a fun demonstration of contemporary ballet performed by members of Dance Theater of Harlem.
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This piece was created by Bill T. Jones around the idea of dealing with life-threatening illness and the possibility of death and the movement was inspired by workshops Jones had with people with terminal illnesses
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work of Anne Teresa de Keersmaeker https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Uv600h8JVk
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The piece explores the ideas of metamorphosis- with birth, development and renewal all being explored through the film. The piece also has a live version.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTbSuC-U0OQ -
A story about some carnival workers, following the ups and downs of their daily lives.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMbuynAM1sE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgUT0Ufmkbk -
This piece premiered at Wesleyan University after two years of development and hundreds of interviews with scientists, ethicists and scholars. The piece explores the complex world of genetic research by Lerman .
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHSHzMdWKMk -
work created by Pina Bausch
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Jones was commissioned to create the work as a sort of tribute to Lincoln. As Jones explored how to create the work, he chose to look at the humanity of Lincoln rather than the myth/legend and explored the human issues that are important to all of us.
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This piece was created in collaboration by Lerman with CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), which is an organization that probes the fundamental structure of the universe.
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the two pieces became centered in a pop star scandal here in the U.S. The pop star was accused of theft of intellectual property because one of her videos stole both EXACT movement phrases as well as artistic vision- costuming, props, video concept
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“Pina” was a documentary started just after Pina’s death and works as a tribute to her. The documentary is a stunning demonstration of her works and the feelings of those who worked with her. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWIs89Pub0w