Artists, Movements and Styles in Western Art (1150-1880)

By edenrose.evaristo
  • May 5, 1150

    Gothic Art (c.1150-1400)

    Gothic Art (c.1150-1400)
    CIMABUE (1240-1302)
    'Maestà (Majesty)', c.1280- 85 (tempera on panel) Gothic Art defines much of the late medieval art that grew out of the Byzantine and Romanesque traditions. These were very formal artistic traditions with rigorous religious conventions that limited the personal creativity of the artist. At this time, the quality of an artwork was judged by the richness of the materials used to create it and the skill with which they were applied.
  • May 5, 1370

    International Gothic Art (c. 1370-1427)

    International Gothic Art (c. 1370-1427)
    GENTILE DA FABRIANO (c.1370-1427)
    'The Adoration of the Magi', 1423 (tempera on panel) International Gothic is the term used to describe the transition of styles across Northern Europe and Italy during the period between Byzantine Art, Late Gothic Art and Early Renaissance art.
  • May 5, 1401

    The Early Renaissance (c.1300-1450)

    The Early Renaissance (c.1300-1450)
    MASACCIO (c.1401-1428)
    'The Tribute Money', 1426 (fresco) The Early Renaissance was the period of artistic development in Italy when art broke away from the rigid Byzantine and Gothic traditions to develop a more naturalistic approach to drawing and the organization of figures within a landscape. The roots of these changes lay in the more solid rendering of form and the gestural narratives of Giotto's painting.
  • May 5, 1420

    The Northern Renaissance (c.1420-1520)

    The Northern Renaissance (c.1420-1520)
    ALBRECHT DÜRER (1471-1528)
    'Self Portrait', 1500 (oil on wood panel) The Northern Renaissance is the term given to the art of north and west Europe during the Italian Renaissance.
  • May 5, 1480

    The High Renaissance (c.1480-1520)

    The High Renaissance (c.1480-1520)
    LEONARDO DA VINCI (1452-1519)
    'The Madonna of the Rocks', 1483-86 (oil on panel) The High Renaissance marks the pinnacle of artistic development in Italian art of the late 14th, 15th and early 16th centuries. The word 'Renaissance' means 'rebirth' - a rebirth of the classical ideals from Ancient Rome and Greece.
  • May 5, 1503

    Mannerism (c. 1520-1580)

    Mannerism (c. 1520-1580)
    BRONZINO (Agnolo di Cosimo) (1503-1572)
    'Portrait of Laura Battiferri', 1555 (oil on canvas) Mannerism is a 20th century term that was used to describe several exaggerated or mannered styles of art that evolved towards the end of the High Renaissance. Mannerist artists valued a personal and idealized response to beauty over the classical ideal of ‘truth to nature’.

  • Baroque Art (c.1600-1700)

    Baroque Art (c.1600-1700)
    Baroque was a reaction against the artificial stylization of Mannerism. It spread throughout Europe during the 17th century. Among the great Baroque masters were the Italian painter Caravaggio and sculptor Bernini, the Flemish artist Rubens, Velazquez from Spain, and Rembrandt, the greatest of all Dutch painters.

  • Dutch Art (c.1620-1670)

    Dutch Art (c.1620-1670)
    JAN VERMEER (1632-1675)
    'The Milkmaid', 1658-61 (oil on canvas) Dutch Art has become famous for its still lifes, portraits, landscapes, interiors and genre painting.

  • Rococo Art (c.1700-1775)

    Rococo Art (c.1700-1775)
    JEAN HONORÉ FRAGONARD (1732-1806)
    'The Progress of Love - The Meeting', 1773
    (oil on canvas) Rococo is a term that derives from the French word ‘rocaille’ which means rock-work, referring to a style of interior decoration that swirls with arrangements of curves and scrolls. The style was essentially French but spread throughout Europe.

  • Neoclassicism (c.1765-1850)

    Neoclassicism (c.1765-1850)
    JACQUES LOUIS DAVID (1748-1825)
    'Napoleon Crossing the Alps', 1801 (oil on canvas) Neoclassicism was a reaction against the pomposity of Rococo. This was the Age of the Enlightenment and political, social and cultural revolution were in the air. Artists needed a serious art for serious times and once again they looked back to the art of Antiquity as their model.

  • Romanticism (c.1765-1850)

    Romanticism (c.1765-1850)
    JOSEPH MALLORD WILLIAM TURNER (1775-1851)
    'The Fighting Temeraire', 1839 (oil on canvas) Romanticism valued the expression of emotion over the control of Classicism. This was achieved through spectacular painting technique and the choice of emotive and sensual subjects which often commemorated dramatic contemporary and historical events.

  • Realism (c.1840-1880)

    Realism (c.1840-1880)
    GUSTAVE COURBET (1819-1877)
    'Apples and a Pomegranate', 1871 (oil on canvas) Realism was a French style of painting that focused on the everyday reality of a subject, warts and all. Realist artists such as Millet, Corot, Courbet and Manet reacted against the heightened emotions of Romanticism. They sought an objective truth that reflected the social realities of the common man in his natural environment.

  • The Pre-Raphaelites (c.1848-1854)

    The Pre-Raphaelites (c.1848-1854)
    DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI (1828-1882)
    'La Ghirlandata', 1873 (oil on canvas) The Pre-Raphaelites were a brotherhood of young English artists who created artworks that were a blend of Realism and Symbolism. Dissatisfied with the art of their own time they rebelled against the 'Grand Manner', the artificial Mannerist tradition that stretched back to Raphael.