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Period: 200 to
Early Christian Art to Early Medieval Art
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245
Dura- Europos
Early Christian Art
Located in Egypt
Callled the "Pompeii of the Desert"
Founded by Alexander the Great
Technically part of the Roman Empire, but they left it alone -
250
Wall Painting of the Old Testament
Early Christian Art
Pentateuch: crook in teh wall that houses teh Torra
Interesting because Jewish law prohibited images -
300
Catacombs of Saint Peter and Marcellino
Early Christian Art
About 5 stories below city of Rome
100 miles of catacombs
Housed about 4 million bodies
Spaces to store bodies called loculi/cubicula -
301
The Good Shepherd (in Catacombs)
Early Christian Art
Resembles the Calf-Bearer
Christ looks YOUNG
Pastoral scene
In each lunette is stories of Jonah
Orant figures -
320
Old Saint Peter's Basilica
Early Christian Art
Axial planned
Built over remains of Saint Peter
Columns are from Roman buildings (political statement)
Bare exterior with ornate interior -
337
Santa Costanza (Basilica)
Early Christian Art
Centrally planned
Alter in middle
Originally mosoleum dedicated to Contantine's daughter
12 painted columns = 12 diciples
Bare exterior with ornate interior -
370
Mithras Slaying the Bull
Early Christian Art -
420
Suicide of Judas and the Crucifixion of Christ
Early Christian Art
Ivory
Christ is young (no beard)
Has heroic body
Judas hung-weak
Juxtaposes Christ and Judas -
425
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia (Ravenna, Itlay)
Early Christian Art
Combination of axial and central plan
Plain exterior
Originally- chapel dedicated to St. Lawrence -
425
Christ as Good Shepherd (Ravenna, Italy)
Early Christian Art
Christ dressed in royal colors
Not holding the sheep; landscape scene
Chrsit has a golden nimbus
Symmetrical
Depth still off -
432
Santa Maria Maggiore (Basilica)
Early Christian Art
First major church dedicated to Mary
Coeffered, ornate ceiling
Has a clerestory
Vaulted ceilings
Mosaics = KEY -
432
Parting of Lot & Abraham (Nave of Santa Maria Maggiore)
Early Christian Art
Clustering of heads
Lot shown with 2 daughters (disproportionate sizes)
City of Caanan looks closer to Abraham -
500
Saint Michael the Archangel (ivory)
Early Christian Art
Classical drapery and facial type
Disproportionate stepss and feet
Proportions off in general -
504
Church of Sant’ Apollinare Nuovo (Ravenna, Italy)
Early Christian Art
Dedicated toe Theodoric the Great
Has 3 aisles, is axial planned, and palace attached on the side
Nave- portaits of Old Testament Figures
Above clerestory- scenes of Christ's life -
504
Miracle of the Loaves and Fish (Ravenna, Italy)
Byzantine Art
Christ completely cloaked in purple
Looking directly at people
Nimbus with a cross! -
510
Vienna Genesis Book
Oldest, well preserved painted Bible manuscripts -
526
San Vitale (Ravenna, Italy)
Early Christian Art
TWO stories
Octogonal shape
Columns ornate- covered in reliefs
Looks centrally planned (is not though- has an apse) -
532
Hagia Sophia (Constantinople)
Byzantine Art
Axial and Centrally planned
Dome supported by pendentives
Patrons: Justinian and Theodora
Exterior = plain and massive
Mosaics! -
547
Theodora and Attendants (San Vitale)
NOT symmetrical (blasphemy)
Still very 2D with frontal poses
Procession walking towards curtain -
547
Justinian and Attendants (San Vitale)
Byzantine Art
Symmetry (Justinian flanked on both sides)
Figs. very 2D
Clustering of Heads
Figs. looking at us- walking to Mass
Also believed to be the first EVER boy band -
May 15, 625
Purse Cover (Sutton Hoo Ship Burial)
Early Medieval Art
Tribal appearence
All areas have decorative manner (like illuminated manuscript) -
May 15, 700
Saint Matthew Page (Book of Lindisfarne)
Early Medieval Art
Seated on a bench (w/ red cushion)
Has a nimbus
Portrayed writing the book of Matthew -
Nov 24, 700
Book of Lindisfarne
Early Medieval Art
Horror vacui- decorated everywhere
Intracte serpants and dragons
Carpet pages = break in book -
May 15, 740
Umayyad Palace (Mshatta, Jordan)
Islamic Art
Palace with a Mosque
Super high walls
elaborate bathing systeming (like the Romans)
Carved stone friez- offered privacy to occupants -
May 15, 1001
Abbey Church of Saint Michael’s (Hildesheim, Germany)
Early Medieval Art
2 transepts
3 archways
Decorated columns (like Trajan's Column) -
May 15, 1015
Bishop Bernward Doors (Saint Michael’s)
Early Medieval Art
Subject: Fall of Man & Redemption of Man
Ment to be magnificent -
May 15, 1063
Saint Mark’s Cathedral (Venice, Italy)
Byzantine Art
Greek cross plan (looks like a plus sign, not a cross)
2 big domes
Adorned everywhere with mosaics
Mosaics asymmetrical
Church contians relics of Saint Mark -
Nov 15, 1100
Pantocrator
Byzantine Art
Massive
Ment to be impactful
Christ has a nimbus with a cross
Older Christ (has a beard)
Gold background- eternal -
Nov 24, 1380
Hall of the Two Sisters (Muqarnas Dome)
Islamic Art
Named because of matching white marble slabs
Square floor plan
Has a dome- airy feel
vaulted- looks like stalagtites -
May 15, 1410
Old Testament Trinity
Byzantine Art
Icon- 3 angels (appeared to Sarah & Abraham)
Repeating forms
Identical faces- mirrior pose
Background = gold sky -
May 15, 1525
Shahnama (Book of Kings)
Islamic Art
Persian national epic
Shows history of Iran from beginning of time to when Islam was introduced
Court of Gayumars- depicts first king of Iran -
May 15, 1555
Saint Basil’s Cathedral
Byzantine Art
Commissioned by Ivan the Terrible
Tall, slender pyramidliek central tower (with small onion shaped dome)
Found in Moscow Russia -
May 15, 1568
Mosque of Selim II (Edirne, Turkey)
Islamic Art
1st example of a centrally planned mosque
Mosque = capitol of Ottoman Empire
Mirab could be seen from anywhere in the mosque
Climax of Ottoman architecture -
Samuel Anoints David
Early Christian Art
Clustering of Heads!
David wearing purple = royalty
Samuel is the biggest (heirarchy of scale)
Roman drappery, but lacks volume -
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
Early Christian Art
No Crucifixion image
Divided into sections by columns
3 sides decorated
Images used to spread the Gospel
Juxtaposes Old Testament and New Testament stories -
Harbaville Triptych
Byzantine Art
Can tell faces apart (individualized)
Symmerty
Relief
Medieval approach at lableing names
Hands covered-sign of respect -
Dome of the Rock (Jerusalem)
Islamic Art
NOT a mosque- is a HOLY SITE
Domed octogon (like San Vitale)
Marked coming of a new religion
Believed to be rock that Muhammad ascended into heaven on
Exterrior is covered in tiles -
Great Mosque of Córdoba (Spain)
Islamic Art
Hypostyle hall
2 story system (to raise the roof)
lower arches have horse shoe shape
Masqura (961-965) -
Chi-Rho-Iota (Book of Kells)
Early Medieval Art
Human faces hidden in lace
Very red
Looks like a carpet page -
Book of Kells
Early Medieval Art
Illuminated manuscript -
Book of Matthew (in Book of Kells)
Early Medieval Art -
Animal Head Post (Oseberg Ship Burial)
Early Medieval Art
Not suure what it is part of
Interlaces animal style and vine line appearence -
Lorsch Gatehouse (Lorsch, Germany)
Early Medieval Art
3 arches (like Constantine's arch)
Engaged columns- imported from Italy
Chapel on top- used to be a recieving room
Turets on sides (house spiral staircases) -
Equestrian Statue of a Carolingian Ruler
Early Medieval Art
Looks like Marcus Aurelius statue on horse
Charlemagne does not looks like he is moving (horse does) -
Utrecht Psalter (Utrecht, Netherlands)
Early Medieval Art
Simple design- purple and red ink ONLY
Large pages- allows for pictures ans words
Looks like Ebbo Gospels -
Palatine Chapel (Aachen, Germany)
Early Medieval Art
Modeled after San Vitale (2 stories)
Centrally planned
Dome supported by squinches
Columns and capitols imported from Rome -
Plan of St. Gall Monestary (St. Gall, Switzerland)
Early Medieval Art
Nerver actually built
Monks would never have to leave the monestary -
Gero Crucifix (Cologne Cathedral)
Early Medieval Art
Christ is very limp
Nimbus with a cross (no crown of thorns)
Emotional suffering
Life Sized -
Hosios Loukas (Greece)
Byzantine Art
Not super decorative, but more so than past churches
Cloisonne Technique used on windows
Squinches support dome on top
Tall and narrow -
David Composing the Psalms (Paris Psalter)
Byzantine Art
David has Classical muscular body, but has stiff clothes
Melody seated next to David (as a muse)
Echo hiding behind pillar
Odd guy in the bottom right (supposed to the mountains) -
Christ Enthroned- Junius Bassus
Early Christian Art
Christ triumphant over Roman Sky God- dominance of Religion -
Priestess Celebrating the Rites of Bacchus
Early Christian Art
Transition from Paganism to Christianity
Classic Form- wet drappery
