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Ten Years' War
The Ten Years' War Ten Years War of independence ends in a truce with Spain promising reforms and greater autonomy - promises that were mostly never met. -
End of 10 year war
The Pact of Zanjón was the treaty that ended the Cuban Ten Years' War. Slaves who had fought against Spain were given freedo -
End of Slavery
in 1886 slavery was finally abolished in Cuba by Spanish royal decree that also made an indentured servitude system, known as "patronato," illegal. Cuba's first record of slavery was in 1513, and the first large group of slaves - kidnapped from Africa - to arrive in Cuba was in 1520 -
Spanish-Cuban-American War; Cuba's second war of independence
2nd war of Independence or Spanish-American War Cuba’s second war of independence began in 1895, after years of meticulous planning by José Martí, who united some of the surviving veterans of The Ten Year War; Antonio Maceo, Máximo Gómez, Calixto García and others. Under Martí’s guidance, the rebels were organized into a cohesive, connected force that included a civilian government that would take over after the war. -
End of 2nd War of Independence
The central leaders of the 1895 Cuban revolution were Maximo Gomez, ,Calixto Garcia, and Jose Marti. Gomez (1836-1905), who had dedicated more than half of his life to make Cuba free, became the military leader of the Cuban revolution in 1895. Garcia (1839-1898), one of the best known Cuban insurgents, was an essential factor in the U.S. military's success in Cuba. Garcia provided key intelligence to the United States military, including maps and information about the Spanish officers. Marti (18 -
Cuban Independence
after almost five years of U.S. military occupation, Cuba launched into nationhood with fewer problems than most Latin American nations. Prosperity increased during the early years. Militarism seemed curtailed. Social tensions were not profound. Cuba becomes independent with Tomas Estrada Palma as its president; however, the Platt Amendment keeps the island under US protection and gives the US the right to intervene in Cuban affairs. -
Platt Amendment
Platt AmendmentOn March 2, 1903, the Platt Amendment passed which amended the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill. It stipulated seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish–American War, and an eighth condition that Cuba sign a treaty accepting these seven conditions. -
Jose MIguel Gomez
Jose Miguel Gomez becomes president following elections supervised by the US, but is soon tarred by corruption -
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Gerardo Machado Presidency
In 1924 Machado ran for president and defeated Mario G. Menocal of the Conservative Party to become Cuba's 5th president. As a businessman/candidate, Machado tapped into the resurgent nationalism of the time, and with the support of outgoing president Alfredo Zayas (which he traded for future seats in the cabinet), he enjoyed a great deal of popularity and easily won 5 of the 6 provinces (losing only in conservative Pinar del Rio) -
Fidel Castro is Born
August 13, 1926 - Fidel Castro Ruz born in eastern Cuban hamlet of Biran, son of a well-off Spanish-born landowner. -
Batista comes to power
On May 8 1933 Sumner Welles arrived in Havana, sent by U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt to oversee the growing "Cuban situation." On July 21 Welles insisted on the reinstitution of the constitutional guarantees that Machado had removed in June 1931. Machado responded in a stern tone; "The re-establishment of the guarantees is a prerogative of the President of Cuba and will be done when the President considers it necessary." Not being able to influence Machado, Welles negotiated an end to his p -
US relations change
The US abandons its right to intervene in Cuba's internal affairs, revises Cuba's sugar quota and changes tariffs to favour Cuba -
Castro failed attck on Moncada
Castro leads armed uprising against military dictator Fulgencio Batista, captured in failed attack on Moncada Barracks in Santiago de Cuba. -
Castro is given Amnesty
Castro, who stated "History will absolve me" at his trial, is given amnesty and leaves prison for Mexico -
Castro and Che start guerilla was
Castro and 81 other would-be revolutionaries land in Cuba on the yacht "Granma.". Most are routed, but 12 survivors -- including Castro, his brother Raul Castro and Argentine Ernesto "Che" Guevara -- regroup in Sierra Maestra mountains where they launch a guerrilla war. -
US Intervention
The U.S. withdraws aide from Batista -
Batista Absconds/ Castro takes over
Castro leads a 9,000-strong guerrilla army into Havana, forcing Batista to flee. Castro becomes prime minister, his brother, Raul, becomes his deputy and Guevara becomes third in command.