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Crusades
The Crusades were a series of intermittent Papal sanctioned military campaigns beginning in the late 11th century. -
Byzantine Empire
The Crusades began with a call to arms by Pope Urban II who was responding to a request for military support for the Byzantine Empire. -
Roman Empire
The Byzantine Empire was a continuation of the Roman Empire -
Romans in Scotland
During the time of the Roman Empire, many Romans migrated in Scotland and settled there. -
Architecture
When the Romans moved into Scotland, they influenced the Scottish architecture with their own. -
Scottish Enlightenment
The new architecture and other elements caused Scotland to go into the Scottish Enlightenment, with advances in all fields. -
Adam Smith
Adam Smith was a major politician who contributed his ideas to Scotland during the Scottish Enlightenment.