Cosmology History

  • 1543

    Nicolaus Copernicus

    Believed and developed a heliocentric solar system.
  • Tyco Brahe

    Measured the Earth's axial tilt and his records of Mars helped Kepler create the Law of Planetary Motion
  • Johannes Kepler

    Discovered that planets move in ellipses and not in perfect around stars (known as the law of planetary motion)
  • Galileo Galilei

    Discovered Jupiter's 4 moons and further expanded Copernicus's heliocentric solar system idea.
  • Isaac Newto

    Created the laws of motion and a theory about gravity which described planetary movement and motion.
  • William Herschel

    Proposed a theory that the sun was near the centre of the universe
  • Pierre-simon Laplace

    Created a model of the universe based of the Hierarchical Universe and the Nebular Hypothesis from Newton.
  • Percival Lowell

    Predicted the existence of a planet past Neptune's orbit. Many adopted his method of building observations at locations which would best function.
  • Henrietta Leavitt

    Discovered the relationship between period and luminosity in Cepheid periods
  • Albert Einstein

    Created the General Theory of Relativity and predicted the existence of black holes.
  • Willem de Sitter

    Created a concept of the de Sitter space and de Sitter universe which stated that the universe was exponentially expanding and empty.
  • Harlow Shapley

    Debated about the true distance of spiral nebulae, and if they are themselves galaxies and if they are in the milky way.
  • Georges Lemaître .

    Created a variant of the Big Bang Theory
  • Edwin Hubble

    Discovered that the universe was either expanding or contracting, and believed that our galaxy was one of billions in the universe
  • Fred Hoyle 

    Created a popular variant of the Steady State Universe Theory, which stated that the universe expanded and that matter was inserted into the universe to have a uniform density.
  • Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson

    Discovered the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation