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Norbert Wiener
In 1948, Norbert Wiener published in New York his Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, a book written in purely mathematical code in which he proposed his theory of control and communication in machines and animals, which he called Cybernetics, a word that he derived from the Greek voice kubernetes or helmsman, same root from which the term government and its derivatives. Cybernetics, born from the combination of mathematics and neurophysiology. -
Alan Turing
Colossus machines were the first electronic calculating devices used by the British to read German encrypted communications during World War II. Colossus was one of the first digital computers.The Colossus machine was originally designed by Tommy Flowers at the Post Office Research Station, Dollis Hill. The prototype, Colossus Mark I, became operational in Bletchley Park since February 1944. -
John Presper Eckert y John William Mauchly
ENIAC=It was Turing-complete, digital, and capable of being reprogrammed to solve "an extensive class of numerical problems." Engineers John Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly took credit for the construction but it had been six women who programmed it: Betty Snyder Holberton, Jean Jennings Bartik, Kathleen McNulty Mauchly Antonelli, Marlyn Wescoff Meltzer, Ruth Lichterman Teitelbaum and Frances Bilas Spence. -
Howard H. Aiken con IBM
The IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC), better known as Harvard Mark I or Mark I, was the first electromechanical computer, built at IBM and shipped to Harvard in 1944. It had 760,000 wheels and 800 kilometers of cable and was based on the machine Charles Babbage analytics. -
Bardeen, Brattain y Shockley
Transistor de estado sólido (silicio)= Solid state electronics deal with those circuits or devices constructed entirely of solid materials and in which electrons, or other charge carriers, are confined entirely within the solid material. The term is often used to contrast with previous vacuum technologies and gas discharge tube devices and it has also been agreed to exclude electromechanical devices (relays, switches, hard drives and other devices with moving parts from the solid state). -
Alan Turing: Manchester Mark I
Manchester Mark I= The Manchester Mark 1 was initially a small-scale experimental machine called "The baby", built between 1947 and 1948 at the University of Manchester, following the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine (SSEM), the world's first electronic computer with program stored on the same machine. Its design was thought to demonstrate the potential that the programs stored in the computer would have, that is why it is considered the first computer that worked with RAM. -
Eckert y Mauchly: BINAC
BINAC= BINAC, Binary Automatic Computer, was a computer developed by Eckert and Mauchly of the Electronic Control Corporation (ECC) for the Northrop Aircraft Company of Hawthorne (California), which were developing a secret missile, called Snark. For this they needed a small computer that could be transported on an airplane, in order to guide the Snark missile. The specifications of the computer were: -
Charles Babbage: Printer
A printer is a peripheral output device of the computer that allows to produce a permanent range of texts or graphics of documents stored in an electronic format, printing them on physical media, usually on paper, using ink cartridges or laser technology (with toner).
Many of the printers are used as output peripherals, and are permanently attached to the computer by a cable. Other printers, called network printers, have an internal network interface (typically wireless or ethernet). -
J. Presper Eckert y John William Mauchly: UNIVAC I
UNIVAC is the acronym for Universal Automatic Computer, was designed in the 1950s by the Remington Rand and is considered the first commercial computer developed in the United States. Conceived by computer pioneers John W. Mauchly and John P. Eckert, this computer was aimed at large companies, both private and public, due to its high cost and installation requirements. With this computer, among other things, the census was drawn up in the United States in 1951 -
John van Neumann: EDVAC
a 'EDVAC was one of the first electronic computers. Unlike ENIAC, it was not decimal, but binary, and had the first program designed to be stored. This design became an architecture standard for most modern computers. The design of the EDVAC is considered a success in the history of computer science.
The design of the EDVAC was developed even before the ENIAC was launched and was intended to solve many of the problems encountered in the design of the ENIAC. -
IBM
Ortran is a high-level programming language of general purpose, procedural and imperative, which is specially adapted to numerical calculation and scientific computing. Originally developed by IBM in 1957 for the IBM equipment, and used for scientific and engineering applications, FORTRAN came to dominate this area of programming from the beginning and has been in continuous use for more than half a century in areas of intensive computing such as numerical weather prediction. -
Douglas Engelbart y Bill English: First Computer Mouse
It was designed by Douglas Engelbart and Bill English during the 1960s at the Stanford Research Institute, a laboratory at Stanford University, in the Silicon Valley in California. It was later improved in the Palo Alto laboratories of the Xerox company (known as Xerox PARC). With its appearance, it also managed to take the definitive step to the appearance of the first environments or graphical user interfaces. -
IBM 360
IBM 360= The IBM S / 360 (S / 360) was a mainframe family computing system, which IBM announced on April 7, 1964. It was the first family of computers that was designed to cover applications, regardless of size or environment (scientific or commercial). The design made a clear distinction between architecture and implementation, allowing IBM to draw a series of compatible models at differential prices. -
First Computer Bug
Legend has it that after locating a moth in the Harvard Mark II on September 9, 1947 at 3:45 p.m., Grace Murray Hopper recorded the first computer "bug" in her logbook with the phrase "First actual case of bug being found ”. For many, Grace Hopper was the person who coined this term to refer to errors in the code of a computer program that cause unwanted results; although, the word "bug" was already used before 1947 in engineering. -
Robert Noice y Gordon Moore: Intel Corporation
Thus Gordon Moore is remembered for being the descriptor of the Moore Law that indicates that every 18 months the number of transistors in the integrated circuits is doubled and that, despite being purely empirical, it has not deviated even once since its statement.On the other hand, Robert Noyce was one of the two inventors of the integrated circuit (together with Jack Bill) and therefore the microprocessor. -
Unix
Unix (officially registered as UNIX®) is a portable, multitasking and multi-user operating system; developed in 1969 by a group of employees of the Bell laboratories of AT&T, including Dennis Ritchie, Ken Thompson and Douglas McIlroy.1 2 The system, along with all rights, were sold by AT&T to Novell, Inc. It subsequently sold the software to Santa Cruz Operation in 1995, and this, in turn, resold it to Caldera Software in 2001, a company that later became the SCO group. -
Joseph C. Licklider: ARPANET
ARPANET was a computer network created by order of the Department of Defense of the United States (DOD) to use it as a means of communication between the different academic and state institutions. The first node was created at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and was the backbone of the Internet until 1990, after completing the transition to the TCP / IP protocol, initiated in 1983. -
Niklaus Wirth: Pascal
Pascal is a programming language created by the Swiss professor Niklaus Wirth between 1968 and 1969 and published in 1970. Its objective was to create a language that would facilitate the learning of programming for its students, using structured programming and data structuring. However, over time its use exceeded the academic field to become a tool for creating applications of all kinds. Pascal is characterized as a strongly typed structured programming language. This implies that: -
Federico Faggin con Intel
First Microprocesador
The Intel 4004 (i4004), a 4-bit CPU, was the first microprocessor on a single chip, as well as the first commercially available. At approximately the same time, some other integrated circuit CPU designs, such as the military F14 CADC from 1970, were implemented as chipsets, that is, highly developed microprocessor. -
First Disquetes
The floppy disk or floppy disk (in English, floppy disk or floppy disk) is a magnetic data storage medium, formed by a thin circular sheet (disk) of magnetizable and flexible material (hence its name), enclosed in a cover of plastic, square or rectangular, that was used in the computer, for example: for boot disk, to transfer data and information from one computer to another, or simply to store and safeguard files. -
Seymour Cray: Cray I
The Cray-1 was a supercomputer designed by a large number of computer scientists headed by Seymour Cray for Cray Research. The first Cray-1 system was installed in the Los Alamos national laboratory in 1976. It is one of the best known and most successful supercomputers in history, and one of the most powerful in its time. Announced in 1975, he unleashed an escalation of offers by the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Lawrence Livermore, finally winning the first. -
Vint Cerf: ARPANET
ARPANET was a computer network created by order of the Department of Defense of the United States (DOD) to use it as a means of communication between the different academic and state institutions. The first node was created at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and was the backbone of the Internet until 1990, after completing the transition to the TCP / IP protocol, initiated in 1983.
