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Roanoke Island Established
Sir Walter Raleigh organized the colonization of Roanoke Island, Virginia (today it's known as North Carolina). The colony lasted for only one year, until 1586. The second attempt to settle there in 1587 did not do well and failed and the colony disappeared sometime before 1590. -
Jamestown
The 100 people that sailed on the Susan Constant ended up at what would become Jamestown. They were hoping to exploit some resources and make a quick profit. This settlement was not so successful and they also got malaria. The main reason for this is that these were gentry men (a lot of jewelers and goldsmiths) that had no pioneering skills. Having Jamestown in a triangle shape was a smart idea, so it was easier to defend. There were tall walls surrounding it. -
Period: to
Colonial America
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Salutary Neglect
This means the British Parliament wasn’t so strict and didn’t enforce so many laws in the American colonies, so that they would be obedient. The British Parliament didn’t want counter-productive results. -
Indentured Servants
There were indentured servants working on farms starting in the 1610's. Slavery began in the colonies and twenty Africans were brought by a Dutch ship to Jamestown for sale as indentured servants (1619).
They worked for a master for 7-10 years and could be bought or sold while still working. After the 7-10 years was up, the indentured servant got his or her freedom dues. Many worked on plantations planting crops like tobacco, and etc. Many people didn’t outlive their contract. -
Tobacco in the Colonies
Tobacco was introduced in the Virginia colony by John Rolfe (1612).
Tobacco became an export staple for Virginia (1616).
The Navigation Act of 1660 allowed the colonies to trade with only English-built ships and crews had to be at least three-quarters English. The captain had to be English. -
Head-Right System
This meant a Virginian got 50 acres of land for every person a settler paid to bring over. It was a system of obtaining land. -
Slavery in the Colonies
Rhode Island: Had the first colonial law making slavery illegal (1652).
Pennsylvania: Quakers in Pennsylvania formally protest against slavery in America (1688). Then, Pennsylvania made sure slavery was gradually abolished. Massachusetts made a bill of rights that went for blacks and whites equally (1780). -
House of Burgesses
(Est. 1619) - Lower house of legislature in colonial Virginia. There was a representative government.
“It assumed the role of the common house in England.” They had control over finances, militia, etc. By the end of the 1600’s the House of Burgesses was able to initiate legislation. The first session of the first colonial legislative assembly (the Virginia House of Burgesses) met in Jamestown.
Here's a short video clip on the house of Burgesses: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wm1R-wpy-4k -
Puritan Work Ethic and Treatment of Children
Definition: "A belief in the moral benefit and importance of work and its inherent ability to strengthen character."
Children couldn’t show excessive emotion or have ‘sinful’ distractions. Church attendance was very important. Gender roles were very important, so men were involved in outdoor activities like farming/hunting, and women were involved in indoor activities like cooking/"homemaking." Puritan children didn’t have many toys and were strictly disciplined mentally and physically. -
Pilgrims/Separatists
Pilgrims: One of the first peace treaties between colonists and Native Americans, specifically the Plymouth pilgrims and the Wampanoag Tribe, was signed with Squanto's help. He was an English-speaking Native American. -The Pilgrims or Separatists wanted to separate from the Anglican Church of England completely. They initially moved to Holland (a.k.a. the Netherlands) and were not happy because they became more like the Dutch (cultural assimilation). -
The Mayflower Landed and Puritans Settled
This is when the Mayflower landed and the Puritans settled on (in November 11, 1620) what would become Cape Cod.
Here is a link for more information on the Puritans and their journey to North America: http://www.history.com/topics/mayflower/videos#deconstructing-history-mayflower -
Mayflower Compact
It was an agreement between the Pilgrim men/Pilgrims to from a crude government and have majority rule. This said the Pilgrims had to follow “just and equal laws.” It was probably formed by Pilgrim men and everybody had to follow it. -
Thanksgiving
The Thanksgiving meal in Plymouth probably had little in common with today’s traditional holiday spread. Although turkeys were indigenous, there’s no record of a big, roasted bird at the feast. The Wampanoag brought deer and there would have been lots of local seafood (mussels, lobster, bass) plus the fruits of the first pilgrim harvest, including pumpkin. No mashed potatoes, though. Potatoes had only been recently shipped back to Europe from South America. -
Peter Minuit Purchased Manhattan Island
Peter Minuit, a Dutch colonist, purchased Manhattan island from Native Americans (the Lenape Indians) for $24 and named the island New Amsterdam. -
20,000 Immigrants Came to the New England Area
(1630's) - 20,000 immigrated to New England area, mostly made up of yeoman families.
A yeoman was one who owned his own land and they could be guards, attendants, officials, etc. This class was between the gentry and labor classes, sort of like the middle class we have today. -
Maryland Granted to I Lord Baltimore by Charles I, First Settled
A royal charter was granted to George Calvert or I Lord Baltimore in 1632. It was a proprietary colony. It was in a better location than Jamestown + tobacco was the main crop. He wanted to govern as an absentee proprietor in a feudal relationship (think medieval times). He granted huge tracts of land to his Catholic relatives (who had more rights than Protestants). It was a haven for Catholics. Colonists wanted to come to MD only if they got land. -
Roger Williams Banished
On October 9, 1635, Roger Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Why? He was banished because he thought citizens should be able to practice any religion, he denounced mandatory worship, he thought church + state should be separate, he thought Puritans weren’t pure unless they break away from the Anglican Church, and he also said it wasn’t right for the Puritans to just start living on Native American land. -
Bacon's Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon hated Sir William Berkeley.
Why-Berkeley favored plantation owners over poor farmers, and there was a power struggle. and Bacon betrayed his own people. Nathaniel led 1,000 frontiersmen and indentured servants in a rebellion against Sir William Berkeley (governor of Virginia; 1642-76). As a result of Bacon’s Rebellion, 1) there was a change from indentured servants to slaves, and 2) the English wanted to have a little more control over the colonies (less salutary neglect). -
Dominion of New England
(1686-1689) - The Dominion of New England only lasted for 3 years and was not very successful because of the Glorious Revolution. It was a brief attempt to combine all colonies north of Pennsylvania, along with New York.
During this time, assemblies were abolished; people were more tolerant of Anglicans. -
George III's Reign
George III's Reign lasted from 1738–1820, and he was king of England from 1760–1820. He was the grandson of George II. -
Stono's Rebellion
-From PBS:
South Carolina, September 9, 1739: A band of slaves march down the road, carrying banners that proclaim "Liberty!". They shout out the same word. Led by an Angolan named Jemmy, the men and women continue to walk south, recruiting more slaves along the way. By the time they stop to rest for the night, their numbers will have approached one hundred.
What exactly triggered the Stono Rebellion is not clear. -
French and Indian War
The war in America where France and its Indian allies fought against England 1754–60: ended by Treaty of Paris in 1763. To clarify, the French were fighting with the Native Americans, a.k.a. Indians, against the English.
This is also known as the Seven Years' War.
Link for Seven Years' War Video. Watch until 5:04. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vKGU3aEGss&feature=c4-overview-vl&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s' > -
General Edward Braddock and George Washington
Direct Quote: "English General Edward Braddock and George Washington battle the French in the Ohio territory, only to be defeated by a force of French and Indians. Braddock is mortally wounded and is replaced by Massachusetts Governor William Shirley as the new commander in chief." -
Alexander Hamilton Born and Facts About His Life
On January 11, 1757 (approximately), Alexander Hamilton was born. He died in 1804. He was an American statesman and a leader of the Federalists and as first secretary of the Treasury (1789-95) and he established a federal bank. -
English Defeated by French
Direct Quote: "English forces are defeated in Lake George, New York by French forces at Fort Ticonderoga." -
Boston Tea Party
American Patriots threw British tea into the Boston Harbor. -
Ratification of the Bill of Rights
The ratification of the first 10 Amendments of the United States