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Roanoke
Roanoke was discovered by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1585. Located in Virginia, it was the first permanent settlement in North America. Later, Raleigh headed back to England to gather additional supplies. When he returned to Roanoke in 1590, the colony and his family was out of site. This gave Roanoke the name of the "Lost Colony." (Notes) -
Jamestown
Jamestown, the first permanent English colony in North America, was founded 1607 by 100 settlers of the London Company. It was named "Jamestown" in honor of their king. Its early years were rough, but Jamestown was later saved by John Smith. (Notes) -
Salutary Neglect
Walpole, of Great Britain, created the term "salutary neglect." This meant British did not strictly enforce commerce laws with the colonies. He believed if no restrictions were put on the colonies, they would now be able to flourish. The unofficial law was in effect from 1607 to 1763. Salutary neglect created an unexpected result : the colonies became richer than Britain wanted them. (https://course-notes.org/us_history/unit_notes/unit_one_1600_1763/salutary_neglect) -
House of Burgesses
In 1619, the first government legislature, made up of elected representatives in North American, was establish in Jamestown, Virginia. This allowed property owners to elect representatives. Later, this concept was removed and Virginia became a royal colony. (Notes) -
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
In 1620, pilgrims in search of religious freed sailed from their colony at Plymouth, England on a large ship called the Mayflower. Later, the ship anchored at Cape Code, Massachusetts. The pilgrims, who had colonized in a Wampanoag community, created The Mayflower Compact as the foundation for the colony's government and pledged that the decisions would be made by the colony's men. (Notes) -
Great Migration
Beginning in 1620, up to 21,000 Puritans left England due to religious prosecution and economic reasons. They migrated to New England, the Chesapeake and West Indies for better living situations. (https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/) -
New York
The colony of New York was founded in 1626 by the Duke of York and other colonists on Manhattan Island. The reason New York was originally settled to trade with local Native Americans. (www.landofthebrave.info/new-york-colony.htm) -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Massachusetts Bay Colony, one of the original English settlements in Massachusetts, was settled in 1630 by 1,000 Puritans from England under John Winthrop and Thomas Dudley. The Puritans of England came to Massachusetts in hopes of religious freedom. (https://www.britannica.com/place/Massachusetts-Bay-Colony) -
Maryland
The Maryland Colony was founded in 1632 by Cecil Calvert after its charter was approved by King Charles I. The Maryland Colony's first settlement was St. Mary's City, which was built along the Chesapeake Bay. It was established as a safe haven for English Catholics fleeing anti-Catholic persecution in Europe. (https://www.thoughtco.com/facts-about-the-maryland-colony-103875) -
Connecticut
In 1636, the Dutch established the colony of Connecticut when they set up the first trading post on the Connecticut River valley. The move into the valley was a part of the movement out of the densely populated colony of Massachusetts. (https://www.thoughtco.com/connecticut-colony-103870) -
Rhode Island
Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams in 1636 when he settled in Providence. It was settled after William was banished from the Massachusetts colony for his religious teachings. It was the first colony in the New World to offer religious freedom and to negotiate fairly with the Native Americans. (https://www.britannica.com/place/Rhode-Island-state/History) -
Maryland Toleration Act
The Maryland Toleration Act, also known as the Act Concerning Religion, was passed in 1649 and created religious tolerance for Trinitarian Christians in Maryland. It was created because the number of Protestant settlers increased, and there was fear that religious liberty would be taken away. Therefore, Governor William Stone made blasphemy against the church a crime, and honored the Sabbath. (https://www.thoughtco.com/facts-about-the-maryland-colony-103875) -
Carolina
The colony of Carolina, including what are present-day North and South Carolina, was founded in 1663 when King Charles II gave a land grant to the noblemen who helped him regain the throne in England. Charles II intended for Carolina to serve as English protection to challenge lands claimed by Spanish Florida and prevent their northward expansion. In 1712, the two provinces became separate colonies, North Carolina, and South Carolina. (http://www.celebrateboston.com/history/carolinas.htm) -
Bacon's Rebellion
Bacon's Rebellion was led by Nathanial Bacon and Virginia settlers. It was an uprising in 1676 against American Indians and colonial government in the Virginia colony over high taxes and low tobacco prices. (https://www.history.com/news/bacons-rebellion-jamestown-colonial-america) -
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania was founded as a British colony in 1681 by English Quaker William Penn. It was founded as a haven for Quakers after King Charles II gave Penn a land grant. Here, freedom of worship and religion was granted to all citizens. (https://www.thoughtco.com/key-facts-about-the-pennsylvania-colony-103879) -
Salem With Trials
The Salem witch trials began in1692, after a group of young girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused several women of witchcraft. More than two hundred people were accused. Thirty people were found guilty, nineteen of whom were executed by hanging. (https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials) -
Great Awakening/Enlightenment
The Great Awakening was a religious revival that impacted the English colonies in America beginning in 1730 through the 1740s. The movement began when passion for religion had grown old. Christian leaders created this positive outlook on religion through their preaching throughout the colonies. (http://historyrocket.com/American-History/The-Great-Awakening-And-Enlightenment-In-Colonial-America.html) -
Albany Plan
The Albany Plan of 1754, proposed by Benjamin Franklin, was a plan to organize the separate British North American colonies under a more centralized government. Representatives from seven of the British North American colonies adopted the plan. (
history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan) -
French-Indian War
When France’s expansion into the Ohio River valley created conflict with the British colonies, a series of battles led to the official British declaration of war in 1756, known as the French and Indian War. It ended in British victories at Louisbourg, Fort Frontenac and Quebec. At the 1763 peace conference, the British received the territories of Canada and Florida. (https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war) -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by the British at the end of the French and Indian War in attempt to further their dominance in the New World. It created a boundary, known as the proclamation line, separating the British colonies on the Atlantic coast from American Indian lands west of the Appalachian Mountains. It kept settlers from encroaching on Native American land, infuriating the settlers.
(https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation).
