Colonial America Timeline Project Adam Peters

IN 1587, John White settled Roanoke Island off the coast of North Carolina. John White left to go back to England for supplies that same year He left his family and kid there, the first English child born in America. When he returned three years later, the whole settlement including his family was gone. the only thing there was the word "Croatoan" carved into a tree. He could not continue searching for them due to an upcoming storm. https://www.britannica.com/story/the-lost-colony-of-roanoke

The Virginia Company found the first permanent English settlement in North America. The settlement was located on the James River, and almost 100 people were settled here. Jamestown almost failed because of disease, famine, and feuds with local tribes. Tobacco jumpstarted the colony back up again being its first major export. Also, John Rolfe married Pocahontas to make a time of peace between the Native Americans and the settlers. https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown

The House of Burgesses was the first form of legislative government made up of rich white male landowners that were at least 21 years old. The House of Burgesses voted on issues and matters in the colonies. They also talked about how to combat English taxation and occupancy. https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/house-of-burgesses/#:~:text=With%20its%20origin%20in%20the%20first%20meeting%20of,the%20electorate%20was%20made%20up%20of%20male%20landholders.

The people aboard the Mayflower signed the Mayflower Contract in 1620 on their way. to Plymouth. These people were Separatists or people that wanted to be separated from the Church of England. These people crafted the Mayflower Compact to create order and a well-functioning society and to keep away from from chaos. They were originally supposed to be on the Hudson River, but they ended up much farther north in Massachusetts. https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/mayflower-compact

John Winthrop, a Puritan Lawyer, led The Great Puritan Migration in 1630s. Him and the colonists sailed to New England and created the largest and most successful Massachusetts Bay Colony. This colony was formed mostly off of religious reasons. When the other colonies started to fail in New England, they believed that God was punishing them for not going to the Americas for religious reasons but for money and personal gain instead. https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/

John Winthrop and a group of Puritans settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony is 1630. The Arbella, which Winthrop sailed on, and many other ships made up the Winthrop fleet that sailed to Salem, Massachusetts. Salem could not handle all of the settlers that were coming in, so they merged with a colony on a peninsula that was nearby and is now known as Boston. This colony soon grew by over a hundred in eight years. https://www.thoughtco.com/massachusetts-colony-103876

The Carolina Colony was founded in 1633 by supporters of King Charles II. The people that settled there were plantation owners that needed big plots of land. Religious freedom was apart of this colony, but to keep the plantations going slave labor was needed. The economy in the Carolinas was agriculture and fishing. https://www.softschools.com/facts/13_colonies/south_carolina_colony_facts/2049/

Maryland was first settled in 1634 by Catholics and Protestants. They sailed to St. Clement's Island. The Catholics came to Maryland to escape religious persecution from the Church of England. The Toleration Act was passed to protect religious freedom. They escaped the persecution in Maryland for a good time until Puritans took over Maryland and repealed the Toleration Act. This no religious freedom lasted into the 1800s. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-settlement-of-maryland

The Connecticut Colony was founded by the Dutch in 1636 when they started a trading post on the Connecticut River Valley. Thomas Hooker was a clergyman that asked to be allowed to leave from the Massachusetts Colony for Connecticut. Connecticut was mainly trading posts for many years. In Connecticut, people had to wait two years to make sure they were a good Puritan. They used Massachusetts government systems. https://www.thoughtco.com/connecticut-colony-103870

Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams and others that were kicked out of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Williams was kicked out for his teachings. Rhode Island was a land of religious freedom and separation of church and state. They settled in Providence, and they made their own Constitution. This constitution and this colony gave the idea of how to create the United State's Constitution now. Many Catholics from England came to RI. https://thehistoryjunkie.com/rhode-island-colony-facts/

The Maryland Toleration Act protected worship for the Trinitarian Christians. It protected many people, but also made anyone who did not believe that Jesus was divine to be executed. The Calvert family made this Act to protect Christians facing persecution. This Act was repealed in 1654, but reinstated when the Calverts took back control then ultimately repealed in 1692. This was the 2nd time religious freedom was in the colonies. https://www.americanhistoryusa.com/topic/maryland-toleration-act/

New York colony was held by the Dutch from 1614 to 1664. The Dutch still had governmental control until 1674, and then the British completely took over. New York was found through the Hudson River and the Hudson River Valley. The Dutch created New Amsterdam, but later it was turned to New York City by the British. The main money maker in New York was fur trading with the Natives. tradinghttps://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/new-york-colony

Bacon's Rebellion was led by Nathaniel Bacon. Bacon led an assault against Jamestown and neighboring Native American tribes that were trying to take their land back. Bacon destroyed Jamestown because they were not helping him and farmers defend their crops and farm land. Bacon killed the Native Americans because they were taking his land. Bacon died during his rebellion from a disease, so the rebellion soon died out. https://www.history.com/news/bacons-rebellion-jamestown-colonial-america

This Colony was founded by William Penn in 1682. William Penn's father was owed a great deal from the King, so the King gave Penn Pennsylvania when Penn's father died. This colony was to be made for again religious freedom for all people. William Penn planned and governed this colony by himself. Penn had a good relationship with the Native Americans. Many people that moved there were Quakers and Protestants. https://american-history.net/colonial-period-2/middle-colonies/pennsylvania-colony/

In Salem, Massachusetts, people that were suspected of witchcraft were executed for a couple months in 1692. They executed over 150 people that included women, children, and men. The first person that was executed was hung and she was named Bridget Bishop. One man was crushed to death by putting a board and putting rocks on top of the board until he died. In January 1697, the Salem Witch trials were given a day of fasting. ihttps://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials

The Great Awakening was a time of Religious revival in all of the American colonies. During a very secular time, Christian preachers like Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield preached God's Word around the colonies. The colonists hearing this reignited their faith lives and put a new dependence on the faith. This Enlightenment lasted well into the 1700s, and it still has an effect on Christians today. https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening

This plan was put into place to make the North American Colonies under one centralized government. Colonial Representatives from MD, PA, NY, CT, RI, MA and NH went to a meeting to put the Albany Plan into practice called the Albany Congress. The Albany plan failed to work because it did not make a desire to secure independence from Great Britain. The Albany Plan did not become reality. It was supported by some representatives though. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan

The French-Indian War (Seven Years War) was started over France taking British land. The colonies fought for two years before the British officially declared war on the French. The British started to win the war when William Pitt took charge. The British gained their first win in Canada by the mouth of the St. Lawrence River, and then a month later taking over Fort Frontenac. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war

The Proclamation of 1763 stopped the westward expansion of the colonies past the Appalachian Mountains. The British government made this Proclamation in response to the French-Indian War. all land to the west of the Appalachian Mountains was for the Native Americans, so that the colonists would have less conflicts with them. This Proclamation is still used to set where native American territory is today. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of

Salutary Neglect was a policy from the British that was never official, but it was named Salutary Neglect in 1775 by Edmund Burke. This unofficial policy let the United States govern themselves and create a name for themselves economically and politically. It also helped relax trade laws for the colonies. Also, this policy was a reason why the United States was able to be successful in their revolution against the British. https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Salutary_Neglect#start_entry