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Roanoke
100 men, women, and children settles on Roanoke Island which is now North Carolina. The leader, John White, returned to England to gather supplies and it took 3 years to return to Roanoke. His settlement was deserted and found the letters CRO on a tree. He could find his settlers and soon returned back to England. (Notes) -
Jamestown
The first British Settlement in 1607. The Virginia company of London established a colony along the coast of Virginia. The colony had a rough start with only 38 of 150 settlers survived the first winter. It was on a swamp, winter was bad, men would not work, and the Native Americans were not friendly. John Smith was Jamestown's leader. 1612, John Rolfe and Pocahontas grew Tobacco and developed the first profitable export of Virginia. First African slaves were brought to Jamestown in 1619. -
House of Burgesses
First legislature made up of elected representatives in North America, established by Jamestown. Only property owners could vote. 1624, Virginia became a royal colony under King James I.(Notes) -
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
1620, Pilgrims settled the Plymouth Colony. 100 passengers including 35 Pilgrims went aboard the Mayflower which ended up anchoring at Cape Cod 65 days later. The Mayflower Compact was the foundation for the colonies government and it was the first self plan in the colonies. The Pilgrims met Squanto, who taught them to communicate and meditate. He also helped them grow corn and establish a treaty with the Wampanoag leader Massasoit. -
Great Migration
English Puritans migrated to New England, Chesapeake, and the West Indies because of religious persecution. Around 20,000 Puritans came to New England. They came in family groups and they came to seek freedom. https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/ -
Salutary Neglect
Coined by Edman Burke,the British policy of lax enforcement of commerce laws which was loyal to the British government. It colonized multiple nations and contributed to Britain.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/salutary-neglect -
New York
Middle Colony that was settled by the Dutch in 1624. They called the area New Netherlands along with calling New York City New Amsterdam. The Dutch used the Patroon system which helped promote settlement. The British and the Dutch fought 3 Naval wars for 22 years. The Dutch surrendered and the new territory was named "Duke of York." (Notes) -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
About 1000 Puritans settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony. They were led by John Winthrop. The laws that governed the colony were tied to the Puritan church. Punishments for dissenters were fines, public humiliation, and banishment. (Notes) -
Maryland
Sothern Colony settled by Lord Baltimore in 1632. He was a Catholic who convinced King Charles I to give a million acres for the persecuted Catholics to settle. Maryland settled as a proprietary colony. Soon Baltimore died and couldn't do anything with his land. His son took over and he offered 100 acres to married couples who lived in Maryland. The Toleration Act of 1649 was granted religious freedom to all Christians who lived in Maryland. (Notes) -
Rhode Island
New England colony settled by Roger Williams and his supporters. He was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for speaking out government authorities punishing religious dissentions and confiscation of Native American land. There was no religious persecution of Christians when Rhode Island was founded. (Notes) -
Connecticut
New England colony settled by Thomas Hooker. The first written constitution in North America was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. Citizenship was based off land ownership instead of religion. (Notes) -
Maryland Toleration Act
It was a law passed in Maryland that protected Christians from being discriminated in 1649. It allowed religious groups to practice their religion without having been punished for it.
https://mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/868/maryland-toleration-act-of-1649 -
Carolina
Southern colony settled by supporters of King Charles II. King Charles II granted 8 supporters land. People settled in the Carolinas to grow cash crops which are grown for the main purpose of selling. African slaves in 1720 outnumbered the European settlers 2:1. Carolina split into North and South Carolina when it became a royal.
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Bacons Rebellion
Bacon raised an unauthorized militia of indentured servants, slaves, and poor farmers to retaliate against Native American attacks on the Virginia frontier. William Berkeley gathered an army to fight back. Theories of Bacon include that he had a personal vendetta against Berkeley and he was financed by some people who wanted Berkeley removed from power. Bacon and his men attacked and destroyed Jamestown. He died and his co-conspirators were hung. (Notes) -
Pennyslvania
Middle colony settled by William Penn who was granted a charter for the colony from King Charles II. Penn established the colony as a "holy experiment." he became a Quaker in the 1660's which led to his colony becoming a haven for Quakers. Quakers were ridiculed for their anti-war beliefs. (Notes) -
Salem Witch Trials
Young girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts stated they were possessed. They accused local women of witchcraft, a wave of hysteria swept through the area. 150 people imprisoned for witchcraft, 7 died when in prison, and 19 men and women were hung. One person was crushed because they didn't testify.
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Great Awakening/Enlightenment
Great Awakening was the revival of religion while the Enlightenment promoted the power of reason. This occurred in the in the 1730"s to 1740s.
https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening -
Albany Plan
The Albany Plan was a proposal made by Benjamin Franklin in1754. It called for formation of the permanent federation of colonies. It was a plan to unite the American colonies and it subjected the colonial governments to British control.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-albany-plan-of-union-definition-summary.html -
French-Indian War
The French-Indian war occurred because of constant hostility between the two. Britain and France fought to secure land in North America. George Washington is who started the war. The results of the war were American colonists had to pay for the war because of the increased taxes.
http://historyrocket.com/American-History/timeline/1600-1799/french-and-indian-war/Who-Fought-In-The-French-And-Indian-War.html -
Proclamation of 1763
A response to a revolt of Native Americans following the French-Indian war. The colonial settlers in America were protected from any Indian attacks and It reserved land west of the Appalachian Mountains.
https://www.americanhistorycentral.com/entries/the-proclamation-of-1763/
