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Roanoke
-The Lost Colony of Roanoke is a mystery in the history of America.
-John White leaves for three years only to return to find the colony gone.
-His family is gone.
-The only hint of where they disappeared were the words CROATOAN carved into trees near the colony's border.
- Many believed the colony moved there.
- Might've joined with the Native Americans who could help them survive.
https://www.britannica.com/story/the-lost-colony-of-roanoke -
Jamestown
- Financed and organized by the Virginia company of London.
- The English exchanged their metal tools and other goods for food supplies from the Native Americans.
- Many colonists died after many serious diseases spread throughout them.
- After new colonists arrived, one of them accidentally set fire to the living quarters.
- They were dependent on the flood supplied from the Native Americans.
- John Smith became pres. but it didn't last long. https://www.britannica.com/place/Jamestown-Colony
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Salutary Neglect
- Contributed to economic profitability of Britain and the increasing autonomy of colonial legal and legislative institutions.
- This led to American independence.
- Trade regulations for the colonies were enforced.
- During this period, colonial legislatures held a lot of power. https://www.britannica.com/topic/salutary-neglect
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House of Burgesses
- Representative assembly in colonial Virginia. -Established by Gov. George Yeardly at Jamestown. -It was soon split off as a separate chamber of the thereafter bicameral assembly.
- It granted supplies and originated laws. https://www.britannica.com/topic/House-of-Burgesses
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Mayflower/ compact
- A small ship that carried more than 100 ppl.
- Turned back twice due to leaking of the Speedwell, the ship their were traveling with. They ended up leaving the ship in England.
- Only one person died.
- Trip took more than 2 months.
- Half the ppl died during the first winter from general sickness.
- The Mayflower compact was an agreement that bound the Pilgrims together when they arrived in New England. https://www.plimoth.org/learn/just-kids/homework-help/mayflower-and-mayflower-compact
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New York colony
- Founded by the Duke of York.
- Didn't sign the Declaration of Independence until 1776.
- A riot began in New York as George Washington read the Declaration of Independence.
- It was originally part of New Netherlands. https://www.thoughtco.com/new-york-colony-103878
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Carolina
- Created during under the rule of restoration colonies enforced by Charles II.
- African slaves created a majority of the population.
- Many tobacco farms were created in the northern part of Carolina.
- 1712, North and South Carolina separated into its own colonies.
- They had their own rights, and were peacefully divided. https://www.ushistory.org/us/5c.asp
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Great Migration
- The Puritans decided to leave due to the hostility of the religious climate. -They first went to Holland for 12 years but soon chose to leave because of the jobs in Holland's cloth industry.
- The Plymouth company soon agreed to fund their trip to North America as long as the group sent back harvesting supplies.
- They established the Plymouth Colony, which was the first colony in New England, and here marked the Beginning of the Great Migration.
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
- Established by the second wave of English Puritans.
- John Winthrop served as the first governor of the colony.
- Wanted it to be like "a city upon a hill" -Migrants contained families with young children and university-trained ministers.
- The colony had a clear religious orientation, Protestantism. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/colonial-america/colonial-north-america/a/puritan-new-england-massachusetts-bay
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Maryland
- Lord Baltimore died and his son Cecilius took over.
- He establish Maryland as a haven for persecuted Roman Catholics in England.
- There was a lot of religious conflict.
- The Puritans soon took control of the colony that led to a civil war which caused Lord Baltimore to lose property rights of Maryland. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-settlement-of-maryland
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Connecticut
-On of the original 13 colonies.
- Thomas Hooker is credited as the founder.
- Signed the Declaration of Independence in October 1776
-There were 21 towns on the Connecticut river.
https://www.thoughtco.com/connecticut-colony-103870 -
Rhode Island
- A New England colony.
- Was founded by Roger Williams
- He was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony
- The smallest state, but with over 400 miles of coastline. -The founder had a firm belief in religious freedom and tolerance.
- It had inspired the future founders of the U.S.
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Maryland Toleration Act
- To ensure religious freedom for Christian settlers diverse persuasions in the colony.
- It was made illegal to blaspheme God, The Holy Trinity, Virgin Mary, and the apostles.
- Nullified this law from 1654 to 1661.
- This indicated that Maryland was not an example of religious toleration during this time.
- Referred to as "the free exercise" of religion. https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/868/maryland-toleration-act-of-1649
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Bacon's rebellion
- Nathaniel Bacon attacked a friendly tribe and then accused them of stealing his corn. He then persisted that the governor pay for and encourage a militia against the Native Americans settled on the colony's border.
- The governor refused.
- He then decided to begin a militia of his own.
- He burned down Jamestown and arranged a group of rebellions to fight against the governor.
- The militia was soo defeated. https://www.history.com/news/bacons-rebellion-jamestown-colonial-america
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Pennsylvania
- A royal colony.
- A place where Quakers could settle.
- Wanted to create favorable relations with Native Americans.
- They purchased the land from them and when they began they had a good relationship with the Native Americans.
- Created it in Philadelphia and worked hard to create the new colony.
- Attracted ppl with a wide range of ppl with religious beliefs. https://www.historycentral.com/TheColonies/PA.html
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Salem witch trials
- There were hunts to identify and find witches.
- They believed that witched were followers of the devil who traded their souls to help him do stuff.
- Many ppl were found to be "witches" bc of rumors spread around.
- Parris', a pastor, daughter and niece started acting in unusual ways and it was concluded as supernatural. In modern times, it's seen that they possibly had a mixture of many conditions or diseases. https://www.britannica.com/event/Salem-witch-trials
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Great Awakening
- A religious revival that spread throughout the British Colonies.
- Johnathan Edwards wanted to make sure people turned their hearts back to God.
- Awakening preachers began their own schools and churches throughout the colonies.
- Surprisingly, the conflict caused a greater religious toleration,
- It was a reaction against the Enlightenment but had a long term effect of the Revolution.
- First major event that the colonies shared. https://www.ushistory.org/us/7b.asp
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Albany Plan
- Plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government.
- Only 7 colonies sent commissioners.
- Proposed the plan to unite all British colonies but wanted to exclude Georgia and Delaware.
- The plan did not come to life.
- The plan was created bc they wanted to increase imperial authority in the colonies.
- It helped act as an example for future attempts of the union. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan
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French-Indian War
- Also called the Seven Year's War.
- When France expanded in the Ohio River valley, it brought conflict with the British colonies.
- British officially declared war in 1756.
- British had their first great victory at Louisborg.
- France soon lost its hold in Canada after the fall in Montreal.
- In 1763, the war ended after the signing of the Treaty of Paris. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war
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Proclamation of 1763
- Created by the British the conciliate Native Americans by checking the encroachment of European settlers on their lands.
- It closed down all land expansion towards west of the Appalachian.
- It was created to help protect Native Americans from attacks caused by white settlers and too also protect colonists from rampages.
- Private citizens couldn't buy land or make any agreements with natives. https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of
