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Roanoke
115 English settlers arrived on Roanoke Island off NC. John White had to go back to England to get supplies when war started between England and Spain. He got back to Roanoke August 1590, everyone was gone, the only clue was Croatoan carved in a tree. What happened to the settlers might've helped the next group. It is now called the Lost Colony.
https://www.history.com/news/what-happened-to-the-lost-colony-of-roanoke -
Jamestown
Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in North America. The settlers had a rough start, the men were looking for gold instead of working to prepare for the bad winter. The Natives were also not friendly. The colonists almost left because things got so bad, but in 1612, John Rolf and Pocahontas began growing tobacco which became Virginias most profitable export. The first African slaves were brought to Jamestown.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Jamestown-Colony -
New York
New York was a middle colony founded by Peter Minuit. It was originally a dutch colony called New Amsterdam. In 1644 it was renamed New York after the Duke of York. They didn't have religious persecution. They we're also friendly to the Native Americans.
https://www.thoughtco.com/new-york-colony-103878 -
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses is the first representative assembly in Virginia. They made laws which could get vetoed. In 1774, they started to support the king and queen, so John Murray stopped it. The most notable burgesses are George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. The House of Burgesses helped some of the founding fathers.
https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/House_of_Burgesses -
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower Compact was the first form of governance in the new world.
https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/mayflower-compact -
the Great Migration
The Great Migration is a period in time where Puritans would sail to America to escape persecution. Seperatists traveled to America on a ship called the Mayflower which is the beginning of the migration. John Winthrop left England in 1630, he established the Massachusetts Bay Colony which thrived.
https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/ -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Massachusetts was a New England colony settled by pilgrims and puritans wanting religious freedom lead by John Winthrop. They landed in Salam but it was to small for the settlers so they went to Boston which eventually became the capital in 1632. The colony was one of the largest ones.
https://thehistoryjunkie.com/massachusetts-bay-colony/ -
Maryland
Maryland was a Southern colony founded by Lord Baltimore. He convinced King Charles I to give him land for persecuted Catholics. Baltimore died and his son Cecil Calvert took over. Maryland passed the Toleration Act of 1649 which guaranteed religious freedom to Christians.
https://www.thoughtco.com/facts-about-the-maryland-colony-103875 -
Connecticut
Connecticut was founded by Thomas Hooker. It was a New England colony. John Winthrop asked him to go to Massachusetts in 1628-29, he sailed there and eventually left in 1636 and founded Connecticut. To become a freeman in Connecticut it takes a year of surveillance.
Roger Ludlow most likely wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut with others, which established a representative government and inspired the Constitution of the US.
https://www.thoughtco.com/connecticut-colony-103870 -
Rhode Island
Rhode Island was a New England Colony founded by Roger Williams and Anne Hutchensen and supporters. Roger Williams was previously banned from Massachusetts so he founded Rhode Island where there was religious and political freedom. The capital is Providence. New Port was the center for shipping and trade.
https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/rhode-island -
Maryland Toleration Act
The Toleration Act guaranteed religious freedom to Christians. It was the first law stopping religious persecution. It also granted religious freedom to other beliefs. It influenced laws of the same idea in other colonies and even in the first amendment of the United States constitution.
https://www.americanhistoryusa.com/topic/maryland-toleration-act/ -
Carolina
Carolina was a southern colony founded by the British. People have attempted to settle there previously but failed. Since the Carolina colony relies on cash crops, they have an abundance of slaves although mostly African, some were Indian. They had so many slaves, the white settlers wanted protection from the crown because they were scared of a slave rebellion, the colony then became split into North and South Carolina in 1729
https://www.thoughtco.com/south-carolina-colony-103881 -
Bacon's Rebellion
The rebellion was in Jamestown Virginia Nathenial Bacon was mad with how the governor Berkley was treating the poor. When Berkley refused to support his attack on Native American Bacon and his men attacked 2 tribes After Berkley declared Bacon a rebel He was elected into the legislative body and eventually kicked out of the room which infuriated him Berkley issued a proclamation condemning him so he burned down Jamestown
https://www.history.com/news/bacons-rebellion-jamestown-colonial-america -
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania was a middle colony founded by William Penn, he arrived on a ship called Welcome. The colony was founded as a holy experiment to protect himself and quakers. Every male settler got 50 acres of land, could vote, and had religious freedom. Delaware and Pennsylvania counties combined until 1703 when they separated again.
https://www.thoughtco.com/key-facts-about-the-pennsylvania-colony-103879 -
Salem Witch Trials
In Salem Massachusetts there was a period in time where people were accused of being witches. It started when young girls were acting strange after playing a fortune telling game. A slave named Tituba made a confession to being a witch which made more people believe. The people that were accused, mostly women were arrested and if found guilty were hung. Governor Phips ended the Court of Oyer and Terminer and the use of spectrial evidence
https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-salem-witch-trials/ -
Great Awakening/Enlightenment
The Great Awakening was a religious comeback because secular rationalism was becoming popular. A movement called the Enlightenment made its way to America which brought a more logical view of the world. George Whitefield was a minister who would act out sermons, thousands of colonists went to hear him speak. Another minister Jonathan Edwards used fear to get to the people. Religion soon became personal again and there was a greater religious tolerance.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/7b.asp -
Albany Plan
The Albany Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin was the first plan to try and unify the colonies. The British gov wanted to make sure they could defend themselves incase of a French or Indian attack. It created 2 branches of government the president General and the Grand Council. The plan was never passed, both sides rejected it the colonies found it suspicious and the British gov didnt want to give them more power. It inspired unification
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
French-Indian War
The war is apart of the 7 year war and despite the name, the war was between the French and British. American colonies started moving west and came into trouble with the French. It was fought mostly in the northeast territory of North America. It ended February 10, 1663 because of the signing of the Treaty of Paris. France gave up the land they took, Britain got the land east of the Mississippi River, Spain got the land west.
http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/related/frin.html -
Salutary Neglect
Salutary Neglect ended rules Britain had for the colonies. Prime Minister Robert Walpole said "If no restrictions were placed on the colonies, they would flourish." He wanted to make England more wealthy to pay off debts, so he encouraged the Salutary Neglect and discouraged trade laws like the navigation act. This eventually lead to the colonies becoming fully independent by getting them used to self-governing.
https://historyofmassachusetts.org/what-was-the-british-policy-of-salutary-neglect/ -
Proclamation of 1763
The British wrote the Proclamation of 1763 stating the boundaries of the 13 colonies would be Appalachia, but the colonists didn't agree, they already wanted to expand and they thought the British wanted to keep them east of the mountains to watch them. It also restricts trade with the Indians since only licensed traders could travel west or deal with the Indians.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/9a.asp
