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Roanoke
Roanoke was the first English colony in the New World. The settlers disappeared and no one knows why. John White, the leader of the colony left for a couple years and came back to find everyone and his whole family vanished. The word "Croatoan" carved into trees led him to believe they were involved with a Native American tribe or were killed by them. https://www.britannica.com/story/the-lost-colony-of-roanoke -
Jamestown
Tobacco became Virginia’s first profitable export, and a period of peace followed the marriage of colonist John Rolfe to Pocahontas, the daughter of an Algonquian chief. During the 1620s, Jamestown expanded from the area around the original James Fort into a New Town built to the east. It remained the capital of the Virginia colony until 1699. https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/jamestown -
Maryland
In 1608 the English explorer Capt. John Smith sailed into Chesapeake Bay and stayed for several weeks to map the shoreline. With reference to the countryside around the bay, Smith exclaimed, “Heaven and earth seemed never to have agreed better to frame a place for man’s habitation.”https://www.britannica.com/place/Maryland-state/The-colony -
House of Burgesses
Established by gov. George Yeardley at Jamestown. It was a representative assembly in Virginia. It included the Governor and a council, and two elected burgesses from each of the colonies 11 settements.https://www.britannica.com/topic/House-of-Burgesses -
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
Mayflower Compact, document signed on the English ship Mayflower on November 21,1620, prior to its landing at Plymouth, Massachusetts. It was the first framework of government written and enacted in the territory that is now the United States of America.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mayflower-Compact -
New York
Founded by the Duke of York and other colonists on Manhattan Island. It was founded for trade and profits and the original name was Province of New York. It was known as the breadbasket colony because it grew so many crops, mostly wheat. The colony became a state on July 26, 1778. https://www.landofthebrave.info/new-york-colony.htm -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Massachusetts Bay Colony was one of the original English settlements in present day Massachusetts, settled in 1630 by a group of 1,000 Puritans. In 1629 the Massachusetts Bay Company had obtained from King Charles I a charter empowering the company to trade and colonize in New England between the Charles and Merrimack rivers.https://www.britannica.com/place/Massachusetts-Bay-Colony -
Great Migration
Between 13,000 to 21,000 emigrants migrated to Massachusetts Bay. The Puritans left England due to religious beliefs and economic reasons. England, at the time, was in religious turmoil. The Puritans believed that the churches in England were to close to the Catholic church and wanted them to be reformed. https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/ -
Connecticut
Founded by Thomas Hooker and other puritans in the Massachusetts Bay colony. The colony was thrown into the Indian War.https://thehistoryjunkie.com/connecticut-colony-facts/#:~:text=Connecticut%20Colony%201%20New%20Haven%20and%20Connecticut%20Colony.,Revolutionary%20War.%20...%205%20Connecticut%20Colony%20Online%20Resources -
Rhode Island
The colony of Rhode Island was founded between 1636 and 1642 by five separate and combative groups, most of whom had been expelled or left the Massachusetts Bay colony for disputative reasons. The colony was first named "Roodt Eylandt" by Dutch trader Adriaen Block (1567–1627), who had explored that area for the Netherlands. The name means 'red island' and it refers to the red clay that Block reported there.https://www.thoughtco.com/rhode-island-colony-103880 -
Maryland Toleration Act
Long before the First Amendment was adopted, the assembly of the Province of Maryland passed “An Act Concerning Religion,” also called the Maryland Toleration Act of 1649. The act was meant to ensure freedom of religion for Christian settlers of diverse persuasions in the colony.https://mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/868/maryland-toleration-act-of-1649 -
Bacon's Rebellion
The Native Americans and white settlers began to fight because the settlers were taking away their land. When this fighting didn't stop, Nathaniel Bacon recruited a small army and conducted 2 attacks against the Native Americans. Bacon was then known as a hero and was elected to the House of Burgesses. He tried to get in but was arrested, so he conducted another attack, but this time on Jamestown.https://u-s-history.com/pages/h521.html -
Pennsylvania
The Pennsylvania colony was one of the 13 original British colonies that became the United States of America. It was founded in 1682 by the English Quaker William Penn.https://www.thoughtco.com/key-facts-about-the-pennsylvania-colony-103879 -
Salem Witch Trials
Started in the spring of 1692 after a group of girls claimed to be possessed by the devil and were accused of witchcraft. A wave of hysteria spread through Salem. The first convicted witch, Bridget Bishop was hanged in June, and eighteen were hanged after. https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials -
Carolina
The North Carolina colony was carved out of the Carolina province in 1729, but the history of the region begins during the Elizabethan period of the late 16th century and is closely tied up with the Virginia colony. The North Carolina colony is the direct result of British colonization efforts in the New World: it was also the place where the first English settlement was built and mysteriously disappeared.https://www.thoughtco.com/north-carolina-colony-103877 -
Great Awakening/Enlightenment
The Great Awakening was a movement that brought various philosophies, ideas and doctrines to the forefront of Christian faith. The major beliefs were that are people are sinners, sin without salvation will send a person to hell, all people can be saved if they repent, all people can have an emotional connection with God, and religion should be personal.https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening -
Albany Plan
A plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government. On July 10, 1754, representatives from seven of the British North American colonies adopted the plan. Although never carried out, the Albany Plan was the first important proposal to conceive of the colonies as a collective whole united under one government. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
French-Indian War
When France’s expansion into the Ohio River valley brought repeated conflict with the claims of the British colonies, a series of battles led to the official British declaration of war in 1756. It ended in 1763.https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by the British at the end of the French and Indian War to appease Native Americans by checking the encroachment of European settlers on their lands. It created a boundary, known as the proclamation line, separating the British colonies on the Atlantic coast from American Indian lands west of the Appalachian Mountains.https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of -
Salutary Neglect
Salutary neglect, policy of the British government from the early to mid-18th century regarding its North American colonies under which trade regulations for the colonies were laxly enforced and imperial supervision of internal colonial affairs was loose as long as the colonies remained loyal to the British government and contributed to the economic profitability of Britain.https://www.britannica.com/topic/salutary-neglect
